Non targeted screening of nitrogen containing disinfection by-products in formation potential tests of river water and subsequent monitoring in tap water samples
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- dc.contributor.author Sanchís, Josep
- dc.contributor.author Redondo-Hasselerharm, Paula E.
- dc.contributor.author Villanueva Belmonte, Cristina
- dc.contributor.author Farré, Maria José
- dc.date.accessioned 2022-10-17T06:18:06Z
- dc.date.available 2022-10-17T06:18:06Z
- dc.date.issued 2022
- dc.description.abstract The generation of disinfection by-products during water chlorination is a major concern in water treatment, given the potential health risks that these substances may pose. In particular, nitrogen-containing DBPs are believed to have greater toxicological significance than carbon-based DBPs. Hence, high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) in positive mode was employed to identify new non-volatile nitrogen containing disinfection by-products (DBPs) and to assess their presence in potable water. Nine water samples were taken in the Llobregat river, in the context of a water reuse trial, near the catchment of a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) in 2019. River samples were disinfected with chlorine under controlled formation potential tests conditions and analysed with a non-target approach. The peak lists of raw and chlorinated samples were compared exhaustively, resulting in an extensive list of 495 DBPs that include bromine and/or chlorine atoms. 172 of these species were found frequently, in three or more chlorinated samples. The empirical formulae of these DBPs were unambiguously annotated on the basis of accurate m/z measurements, isotopic patterns and common heuristic rules. Most of the annotated species (310) contained bromide, which is consistent with the relatively high bromide content of the Llobregat basin (>0.3 mg/l). Drinking water samples were taken at the outlet of the DWTP during the same sampling period. According to their analysis, a large portion of the DBPs detected after the formation potential tests do not reach real-life drinking water, which suggests that the treatment train successfully removes a significant fraction of DBP precursors. However, 131 DBPs could still be detected in the final product water. A larger sampling was carried in the Barcelona water distribution network, during six consecutive weeks, and it revealed the presence of 78 halogenated DBPs in end-consumer water, most of which were nitrogen-containing. MS/MS fragmentation and retention times were employed to tentatively suggest molecular structure for these recalcitrant DBPs.
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation Sanchís J, Redondo-Hasselerharm PE, Villanueva CM, Farré MJ. Non targeted screening of nitrogen containing disinfection by-products in formation potential tests of river water and subsequent monitoring in tap water samples. Chemosphere. 2022 Sep; 303 (Pt 2): 135087. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135087.
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135087
- dc.identifier.issn 0045-6535
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/54414
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher Elsevier
- dc.rights 0045-6535/© 2022 Sanchís J, Redondo-Hasselerharm PE, Villanueva CM, Farré MJ. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
- dc.subject.keyword Drinking water
- dc.subject.keyword Formation potential test
- dc.subject.keyword Halogenated DBPs
- dc.subject.keyword Non-target analysis
- dc.subject.keyword Orbitrap
- dc.title Non targeted screening of nitrogen containing disinfection by-products in formation potential tests of river water and subsequent monitoring in tap water samples
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion