Measuring cardiorespiratory fitness without exercise testing: The development and validation of a new tool for spanish adults

Mostra el registre complet Registre parcial de l'ítem

• dc.contributor.author Schröder, Helmut, 1958-
• dc.contributor.author Subirana Cachinero, Isaac
• dc.contributor.author Elosua Llanos, Roberto
• dc.contributor.author Camps-Vilaró, Anna
• dc.contributor.author Tizón-Marcos, Helena
• dc.contributor.author Fitó Colomer, Montserrat
• dc.contributor.author Gómez, Santiago Felipe
• dc.contributor.author Dégano, Irene R.
• dc.contributor.author Marrugat de la Iglesia, Jaume
• dc.date.accessioned 2025-06-27T06:46:24Z
• dc.date.available 2025-06-27T06:46:24Z
• dc.date.issued 2024
• dc.description.abstract Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is an important component of overall physical fitness and is associated with numerous health benefits, including a reduced risk of heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. However, direct measurement of CRF is time-consuming and therefore not feasible for screening purposes. Methods: A maximal treadmill exercise test with the Bruce protocol was performed to estimate VO2max in 1047 Spanish men and women aged 17 to 62 years. Weight, height, and heart rate were measured. Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) was recorded using the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. A multiple linear regression model was developed to predict exercise-based VO2max. The validity of the model was examined by correlation, concordance, Bland-Altman analysis, cross-validation, and construct validity analysis. Results: There was no significant difference between VO2max obtained by the Bruce protocol (43.56 mL/kg/min) or predicted by the equation (43.59 mL/kg/min), with R2 of 0.57, and a standard error of the estimate of 7.59 mL/kg/min. Pearson's product-moment correlation and Lin's concordance correlation between measured and predicted CRF values were 0.75 and 0.72, respectively. Bland-Altman analysis revealed a significant proportional bias of non-exercise eCRF, overestimating unfit and underestimating highly fit individuals. However, 64.3% of participants were correctly classified into CRF tertile categories, with an important 69.9% in the unfit category. Conclusions: The eCRF equation was associated with several cardiovascular risk factors in the anticipated directions, indicating good construct validity. In conclusion, the non-exercise eCRF showed a reasonable validity to estimate true VO2max, and it may be a useful tool for screening CRF.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Schröder H, Subirana I, Elosua R, Camps-Vilaró A, Tizón-Marcos H, Fitó M, et al. Measuring cardiorespiratory fitness without exercise testing: The development and validation of a new tool for spanish adults. J Clin Med. 2024 Apr 11;13(8):2210. DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082210
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13082210
• dc.identifier.issn 2077-0383
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70770
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher MDPI
• dc.relation.ispartof J Clin Med. 2024 Apr 11;13(8):2210
• dc.rights © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Cardiorespiratory fitness
• dc.subject.keyword Non-exercise cardiorespiratory fitness
• dc.subject.keyword Validity
• dc.title Measuring cardiorespiratory fitness without exercise testing: The development and validation of a new tool for spanish adults
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion