Diversity, evolution, and function of myriapod hemocyanins

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• dc.contributor.author Scherbaum, Samantha
• dc.contributor.author Hellmann, Nadja
• dc.contributor.author Fernández, Rosa
• dc.contributor.author Pick, Christian
• dc.contributor.author Burmester, Thorsten
• dc.date.accessioned 2019-06-03T10:14:05Z
• dc.date.available 2019-06-03T10:14:05Z
• dc.date.issued 2018
• dc.description.abstract Background: Hemocyanin transports O2 in the hemolymph of many arthropod species. Such respiratory proteins have long been considered unnecessary in Myriapoda. As a result, the presence of hemocyanin in Myriapoda has long been overlooked. We analyzed transcriptome and genome sequences from all major myriapod taxa – Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Symphyla, and Pauropoda – with the aim of identifying hemocyanin-like proteins. Results: We investigated the genomes and transcriptomes of 56 myriapod species and identified 46 novel full-length hemocyanin subunit sequences in 20 species of Chilopoda, Diplopoda, and Symphyla, but not Pauropoda. We found in Cleidogona sp. (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida) a hemocyanin-like sequence with mutated copper-binding centers, which cannot bind O2. An RNA-seq approach showed markedly different hemocyanin mRNA levels from ~ 6 to 25,000 reads per kilobase per million reads. To evaluate the contribution of hemocyanin to O2 transport, we specifically studied the hemocyanin of the centipede Scolopendra dehaani. This species harbors two distinct hemocyanin subunits with low expression levels. We showed cooperative O2 binding in the S. dehaani hemolymph, indicating that hemocyanin supports O2 transport even at low concentration. Further, we demonstrated that hemocyanin is > 1500-fold more highly expressed in the fertilized egg than in the adult. Conclusion: Hemocyanin was most likely the respiratory protein in the myriapod stem-lineage, but multiple taxa may have independently lost hemocyanin and thus the ability of efficient O2 transport. In myriapods, hemocyanin is much more widespread than initially appreciated. Some myriapods express hemocyanin only at low levels, which are, nevertheless, sufficient for O2 supply. Notably, also in myriapods, a non-respiratory protein similar to insect storage hexamerins evolved from the hemocyanin.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Scherbaum S, Hellmann N, Fernández R, Pick C, Burmester T. Diversity, evolution, and function of myriapod hemocyanins. BMC Evol Biol. 2018; 18(1):107. DOI 10.1186/s12862-018-1221-2
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-018-1221-2
• dc.identifier.issn 1471-2148
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/41688
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher BioMed Central
• dc.relation.ispartof BMC Evol Biol. 2018; 18(1):107
• dc.relation.ispartof BMC Evol Biol. 2018; 18(1):107
• dc.relation.ispartof BMC Evol Biol. 2018; 18(1):107
• dc.rights © The Author(s). 2018 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Arthropoda
• dc.subject.keyword Evolution
• dc.subject.keyword Hemocyanin
• dc.subject.keyword Myriapoda
• dc.subject.keyword Phenoloxidase
• dc.subject.keyword Subunit diversity
• dc.title Diversity, evolution, and function of myriapod hemocyanins
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion