Acute pharmacological effects of oral and intranasal mephedrone: an observational study in humans
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- dc.contributor.author Papaseit Fontanet, Esther
- dc.contributor.author Olesti Muñoz, Eulàlia, 1991-
- dc.contributor.author Pérez Mañá, Clara
- dc.contributor.author Torrens, Marta
- dc.contributor.author Fonseca Casals, Francina, 1972-
- dc.contributor.author Grifell Guardia, Marc
- dc.contributor.author Ventura, Mireia
- dc.contributor.author Torre Fornell, Rafael de la
- dc.contributor.author Farré Albaladejo, Magí
- dc.date.accessioned 2021-03-11T07:09:32Z
- dc.date.available 2021-03-11T07:09:32Z
- dc.date.issued 2021
- dc.description.abstract Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) is a synthetic cathinone with psychostimulant properties which remains one of the most popular new psychoactive substances (NPS). It is frequently used orally and/or intranasally. To date, no studies have evaluated the acute effects and pharmacokinetics after self-administration of mephedrone orally (ingestion) and intranasally (insufflation) in naturalistic conditions. An observational study was conducted to assess and compare the acute pharmacological effects, as well as the oral fluid (saliva) concentrations of mephedrone self-administered orally and intranasally. Ten healthy experienced drug users (4 females and 6 males) self-administered a single dose of mephedrone, orally (n = 5, 100-200 mg; mean 150 mg) or intranasally (n = 5, 50-100 mg, mean 70 mg). Vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, and cutaneous temperature) were measured at baseline (0), 1, 2, and 4 h after self-administration. Each participant completed subjective effects questionnaires: A set of Visual Analogue Scales (VAS), the 49-item Addiction Research Centre Inventory (ARCI), and Evaluation of the Subjective Effects of Substances with Abuse Potential (VESSPA-SSE) at baseline, 1, 2, and 4 h after self-administration. Oral fluid and urine were collected during 4 h. Both routes of mephedrone self-administration enhanced ratings of euphoria and well-being effects and increased cardiovascular effects in humans. Although it was at times assessed that the oral route produced greater and larger effects than the intranasal one, concentrations of mephedrone in oral fluid and also the total amount of mephedrone and metabolites in urine showed that concentrations of mephedrone are considerably higher when self-administered intranasally in comparison to orally. Controlled clinical trials are needed to confirm our observational results.
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation Papaseit E, Olesti E, Pérez-Mañá C, Torrens M, Fonseca F, Grifell M, Ventura M, de la Torre R, Farré M. Acute pharmacological effects of oral and intranasal mephedrone: an observational study in humans. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021; 14(2):100. DOI: 10.3390/ph14020100
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14020100
- dc.identifier.issn 1424-8247
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/46723
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher MDPI
- dc.relation.ispartof Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021; 14(2):100
- dc.rights © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- dc.subject.keyword Cathinones bath salts
- dc.subject.keyword Intranasal administration
- dc.subject.keyword Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone)
- dc.subject.keyword Novel psychoactive substances (NPS)
- dc.subject.keyword Oral administration
- dc.subject.keyword Psychostimulants
- dc.title Acute pharmacological effects of oral and intranasal mephedrone: an observational study in humans
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion