In-party love spreads more efficiently than out-party hate in online communities

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• dc.contributor.author Martin-Gutierrez, Samuel
• dc.contributor.author Robles Morales, José Manuel
• dc.contributor.author Torcal, Mariano
• dc.contributor.author Losada, Juan Carlos
• dc.contributor.author Benito, Rosa María
• dc.date.accessioned 2024-07-09T10:32:05Z
• dc.date.available 2024-07-09T10:32:05Z
• dc.date.issued 2024
• dc.description Includes supplementary materials for the online appendix.
• dc.description.abstract In this article, we present the findings of a comprehensive longitudinal social network analysis conducted on Twitter across four consecutive election campaigns in Spain, spanning from 2015 to 2019. Our focus is on the discernible trend of increasing partisan and ideological homogeneity within interpersonal exchanges on this social media platform, alongside high levels of networking efficiency measured through average retweeting. This diachronic study allows us to observe how dynamics of party competition might contribute to perpetuating and strengthening network ideological and partisan homophily, creating ‘epistemic bubbles’ in Twitter, yet showing a greater resistance to transforming them into ‘partisan echo-chambers’. Specifically, our analysis reveals that the rise of a new radical right-wing party (RRP), Vox, has heightened ideological homogeneity among users across the entire ideological spectrum. However, this process has not been uniform. While users aligned with mainstream political parties consistently share content that reinforces in-party affinity, resulting in highly efficient ‘epistemic bubbles’, the emergence of the RRP has given rise to a distinct group of users associated with the most extreme partisan positions, characterized by a notable proportion of out-partisan hostility content, which has fostered the creation of low-efficient 'partisan echo-chambers'.
• dc.description.sponsorship This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) under Contracts No. PGC2018-093854-B-I00 and PID2021-122711NB-C21; by Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport under Grant No. FPU15/01461; by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) under project No. 873927; by the ICREA-ACADEMIA Intense Research Award; and by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under Contract No. PID2019-106254RB-I00.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Martin-Gutierrez S, Robles JM, Torcal M, Losada JC, Benito RM. In-party love spreads more efficiently than out-party hate in online communities. Sci Rep. 2024;14:15700. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65688-9
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-65688-9
• dc.identifier.issn 2045-2322
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/60705
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Nature Research
• dc.relation.ispartof Scientific Reports. 2024;14:15700
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/PGC2018-093854-B-I00
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/3PE/PID2021-122711NB-C21
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/FPU15/01461
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/PID2019-106254RB-I00
• dc.rights © The Author(s) 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Te images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Twitter
• dc.subject.keyword Epistemic bubbles
• dc.subject.keyword Partisan echo-chambers
• dc.subject.keyword Retweeting
• dc.subject.keyword Out-party hostility
• dc.subject.keyword In-party affinity
• dc.subject.keyword Party supply
• dc.subject.keyword Polarization
• dc.title In-party love spreads more efficiently than out-party hate in online communities
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion