Narrative review of occupational exposures and noncommunicable diseases

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• dc.contributor.author Peters, Susan
• dc.contributor.author García Aymerich, Judith
• dc.contributor.author Mehlum, Ingrid Sivesind
• dc.date.accessioned 2025-03-26T07:31:53Z
• dc.date.available 2025-03-26T07:31:53Z
• dc.date.issued 2024
• dc.description.abstract Objective: Within the scope of the Exposome Project for Health and Occupational Research on applying the exposome concept to working life health, we aimed to provide a broad overview of the status of knowledge on occupational exposures and associated health effects across multiple noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) to help inform research priorities. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of occupational risk factors that can be considered to have "consistent evidence for an association," or where there is "limited/inadequate evidence for an association" for 6 NCD groups: nonmalignant respiratory diseases; neurodegenerative diseases; cardiovascular/metabolic diseases; mental disorders; musculoskeletal diseases; and cancer. The assessment was done in expert sessions, primarily based on systematic reviews, supplemented with narrative reviews, reports, and original studies. Subsequently, knowledge gaps were identified, e.g. based on missing information on exposure-response relationships, gender differences, critical time-windows, interactions, and inadequate study quality. Results: We identified over 200 occupational exposures with consistent or limited/inadequate evidence for associations with one or more of 60+ NCDs. Various exposures were identified as possible risk factors for multiple outcomes. Examples are diesel engine exhaust and cadmium, with consistent evidence for lung cancer, but limited/inadequate evidence for other cancer sites, respiratory, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular diseases. Other examples are physically heavy work, shift work, and decision latitude/job control. For associations with limited/inadequate evidence, new studies are needed to confirm the association. For risk factors with consistent evidence, improvements in study design, exposure assessment, and case definition could lead to a better understanding of the association and help inform health-based threshold levels. Conclusions: By providing an overview of knowledge gaps in the associations between occupational exposures and their health effects, our narrative review will help setting priorities in occupational health research. Future epidemiological studies should prioritize to include large sample sizes, assess exposures prior to disease onset, and quantify exposures. Potential sources of biases and confounding need to be identified and accounted for in both original studies and systematic reviews.
• dc.description.sponsorship EPHOR is funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 874703. KU was supported by a Short-Term Scientific Missions from COST Action CA16216 (OMEGA-NET), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology).
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Peters S, Undem K, Solovieva S, Selander J, Schlünssen V, Oude Hengel KM, et al. Narrative review of occupational exposures and noncommunicable diseases. Ann Work Expo Health. 2024 Jul 8;68(6):562-80. DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxae045
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxae045
• dc.identifier.issn 2398-7308
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70013
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Oxford University Press
• dc.relation.ispartof Ann Work Expo Health. 2024 Jul 8;68(6):562-80
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/874703
• dc.rights © The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Occupational Hygiene Society. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Aetiology
• dc.subject.keyword Epidemiology
• dc.subject.keyword Exposome
• dc.subject.keyword Occupational health
• dc.title Narrative review of occupational exposures and noncommunicable diseases
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion