Skeletal anomalies in the neandertal family of El Sidrón (Spain) support a role of inbreeding in neandertal extinction.

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• dc.contributor.author Ríos, Luis
• dc.contributor.author Kivell, Tracy L.
• dc.contributor.author Lalueza Fox, Carles, 1965-
• dc.contributor.author Estalrrich, Almudena
• dc.contributor.author García-Tabernero, Antonio
• dc.contributor.author Huguet, Rosa
• dc.contributor.author Quintino, Yuliet
• dc.contributor.author Rosas, Antonio
• dc.date.accessioned 2019-02-20T08:07:50Z
• dc.date.available 2019-02-20T08:07:50Z
• dc.date.issued 2019
• dc.description.abstract Neandertals disappeared from the fossil record around 40,000 bp, after a demographic history of small and isolated groups with high but variable levels of inbreeding, and episodes of interbreeding with other Paleolithic hominins. It is reasonable to expect that high levels of endogamy could be expressed in the skeleton of at least some Neandertal groups. Genetic studies indicate that the 13 individuals from the site of El Sidrón, Spain, dated around 49,000 bp, constituted a closely related kin group, making these Neandertals an appropriate case study for the observation of skeletal signs of inbreeding. We present the complete study of the 1674 identified skeletal specimens from El Sidrón. Altogether, 17 congenital anomalies were observed (narrowing of the internal nasal fossa, retained deciduous canine, clefts of the first cervical vertebra, unilateral hypoplasia of the second cervical vertebra, clefting of the twelfth thoracic vertebra, diminutive thoracic or lumbar rib, os centrale carpi and bipartite scaphoid, tripartite patella, left foot anomaly and cuboid-navicular coalition), with at least four individuals presenting congenital conditions (clefts of the first cervical vertebra). At 49,000 years ago, the Neandertals from El Sidrón, with genetic and skeletal evidence of inbreeding, could be representative of the beginning of the demographic collapse of this hominin phenotype.
• dc.description.sponsorship This research was supported by a grant from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain (CGL2016-75-109-P and Convenio Principado de Asturias–Universidad de Oviedo CN-09–084). L.R. was founded by the Juan de la Cierva program (Spanish Government) and thanks Asier Gómez-Olivencia for providing Neandertal and modern human metric data for the second cervical vertebra and for the discussion of several aspects of the hominin cervical spine. A.E. is founded by the Juan de la Cierva program (Spanish Government). Y.Q. received support from Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia Project N° CGL2015-65387-C3-2-P, MINECO-FEDER and a Predoctoral Grant, University of Burgos. T.L.K is funded by the HP7 European Research Council Starting Grant #336301.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Ríos L, Kivell TL, Lalueza-Fox C, Estalrrich A, García-Tabernero A, Huguet R, Quintino Y, de la Rasilla M, Rosas A. Skeletal anomalies in the neandertal family of El Sidrón (Spain) support a role of inbreeding in neandertal extinction. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):1697. DOI 10.1038/s41598-019-38571-1
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-38571-1
• dc.identifier.issn 2045-2322
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/36631
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Nature Research
• dc.relation.ispartof Scientific Reports. 2019;9(1):1697
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/336301
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/CGL2015-65387-C3-2-P
• dc.rights © The Author(s) 2019. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Palaeoecology
• dc.subject.keyword Palaeontology
• dc.title Skeletal anomalies in the neandertal family of El Sidrón (Spain) support a role of inbreeding in neandertal extinction.
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion