Energy balance and risk of mortality in spanish older adults

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• dc.contributor.author Lassale, Camille
• dc.contributor.author Hernáez, Álvaro
• dc.contributor.author Toledo, Estefania
• dc.contributor.author Castañer, Olga
• dc.contributor.author Sorlí, José Vicente
• dc.contributor.author Salas Salvadó, Jordi
• dc.contributor.author Estruch, Ramón
• dc.contributor.author Ros, Emilio
• dc.contributor.author Alonso-Gómez, Ángel
• dc.contributor.author Lapetra, José
• dc.contributor.author Cueto, Raquel
• dc.contributor.author Fiol, Miquel
• dc.contributor.author Serra Majem, Lluís
• dc.contributor.author Pinto, Xavier
• dc.contributor.author Gea, Alfredo
• dc.contributor.author Corella, Dolores
• dc.contributor.author Babio, Nancy
• dc.contributor.author Fitó Colomer, Montserrat
• dc.contributor.author Schröder, Helmut, 1958-
• dc.date.accessioned 2021-10-27T06:57:12Z
• dc.date.available 2021-10-27T06:57:12Z
• dc.date.issued 2021
• dc.description.abstract Clinical data on the direct health effects of energy deficit or surplus beyond its impact on body weight are scarce. We aimed to assess the association with all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality of (1) sustained energy deficit or surplus, calculated according to each individual's en-ergy intake (EI) and theoretical energy expenditure (TEE), and (2) mid-term change in total EI in a prospective study. In 7119 participants in the PREDIMED Study (PREvención con DIeta MEDi-terránea) with a mean age of 67 years, energy intake was derived from a 137-item food frequency questionnaire. TEE was calculated as a function of age, sex, height, body weight and physical ac-tivity. The main exposure was the proportion of energy requirement covered by energy intake, cumulative throughout the follow-up. The secondary exposure was the change in energy intake from baseline. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% con-fidence intervals for all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality. Over a median follow-up of 4.8 years, there were 239 deaths (excluding the first 2 years). An energy intake exceeding energy needs was associated with an increase in mortality risk (continuous HR10% over energy needs = 1.10; 95% CI 1.02, 1.18), driven by cardiovascular death (HR = 1.26; 95% CI 1.11, 1.43). However, consum-ing energy below estimated needs was not associated with a lower risk. Increments over time in energy intake were associated with greater all-cause mortality (HR10% increase = 1.09; 95% CI 1.02, 1.17). However, there was no evidence that a substantial negative change in energy intake would reduce mortality risk. To conclude, in an older Mediterranean cohort, energy surplus or increase over a 5-year period was associated with greater risk of mortality, particularly cardiovascular mortality. Energy deficit, or reduction in energy intake over time were not associated with mortal-ity risk.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Lassale C, Hernáez Á, Toledo E, Castañer O, Sorlí JV, Salas-Salvadó J, Estruch R, Ros E, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Lapetra J, Cueto R, Fiol M, Serra-Majem L, Pinto X, Gea A, Corella D, Babio N, Fitó M, Schröder H. Energy balance and risk of mortality in spanish older adults. Nutrients. 2021;13(5):1545. DOI: 10.3390/nu13051545
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051545
• dc.identifier.issn 2072-6643
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/48830
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher MDPI
• dc.relation.ispartof Nutrients. 2021;13(5):1545
• dc.rights © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Energy balance
• dc.subject.keyword Epidemiology
• dc.subject.keyword Mortality
• dc.title Energy balance and risk of mortality in spanish older adults
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion