Adherence to nutrition-based cancer prevention guidelines and breast, prostate and colorectal cancer risk in the MCC-Spain case-control study

Romaguera Bosch, Dora; Gracia Lavedan, Esther; Molinuevo, Amaia; De Batlle, Jordi; Mendez, Michelle A.; Moreno, Víctor; Vidal, Carmen; Castelló, Adela; Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz; Martín Sánchez, Vicente; Molina, Antonio J.; Dávila-Batista, Verónica; Dierssen Sotos, Trinidad; Gómez-Acebo, Inés; Llorca, Javier; Guevara, Marcela; Castilla, Jesús; Urtiaga, Carmen; Llorens-Ivorra, Cristóbal; Fernández-Tardón, Guillermo; Tardón, Adonina; Lorca Marín, José Andrés; Marcos-Gragera, Rafael; Huerta, José María; Olmedo-Requena, Rocío; Jiménez-Moleón, José Juan; Altzibar, Jone Miren; de Sanjosé, Silvia; Pollán, Marina; Aragonés, Núria; Castaño Vinyals, Gemma; Kogevinas, Manolis; Amiano, Pilar

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.30722

Adherence to nutrition-based cancer prevention guidelines and breast, prostate and colorectal cancer risk in the MCC-Spain case-control study

Citation

Romaguera D, Gracia-Lavedan E, Molinuevo A, de Batlle J, Mendez M, Moreno V et al. Adherence to nutrition-based cancer prevention guidelines and breast, prostate and colorectal cancer risk in the MCC-Spain case-control study. Int J Cancer. 2017 Jul 1; 141(1): 83-93. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30722

Abstract

Prostate, breast and colorectal cancer are the most common tumours in Spain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between adherence to nutrition-based guidelines for cancer prevention and prostate, breast and colorectal cancer, in the MCC-Spain case-control study. A total of 1,718 colorectal, 1,343 breast and 864 prostate cancer cases and 3,431 population-based controls recruited between 2007 and 2012, were included in the present study. The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRC/AICR) score based on six recommendations for cancer prevention (on body fatness, physical activity, foods and drinks that promote weight gain, plant foods, animal foods and alcoholic drinks; score range 0-6) was constructed. We used unconditional logistic regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders. One-point increment in the WCRF/AICR score was associated with 25% (95% CI 19-30%) lower risk of colorectal, and 15% (95% CI 7-22%) lower risk of breast cancer; no association with prostate cancer was detected, except for cases with a Gleason score ≥7 (poorly differentiated/undifferentiated tumours) (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76-0.99). These results add to the wealth of evidence indicating that a great proportion of common cancer cases could be avoided by adopting healthy lifestyle habits.