Socioeconomic inequalities in COVID-19 in a european urban area: two waves, two patterns

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  • dc.contributor.author Marí Dell'Olmo, Marc, 1978-
  • dc.contributor.author Gotsens Miquel, Mercè, 1983-
  • dc.contributor.author Pasarín i Rua, M. Isabel
  • dc.contributor.author Rodríguez Sanz, Maica, 1974-
  • dc.contributor.author Artazcoz Lazcano, Lucía, 1963-
  • dc.contributor.author Garcia de Olalla, Patricia
  • dc.contributor.author Rius, Cristina
  • dc.contributor.author Borrell i Thió, Carme
  • dc.date.accessioned 2021-03-25T07:15:50Z
  • dc.date.available 2021-03-25T07:15:50Z
  • dc.date.issued 2021
  • dc.description.abstract Background: The objective of this paper is to analyze social inequalities in COVID-19 incidence, stratified by age, sex, geographical area, and income in Barcelona during the first two waves of the pandemic. Methods: We collected data on COVID-19 cases confirmed by laboratory tests during the first two waves of the pandemic (1 March to 15 July and 16 July to 30 November, 2020) in Barcelona. For each wave and sex, we calculated smooth cumulative incidence by census tract using a hierarchical Bayesian model. We analyzed income inequalities in the incidence of COVID-19, categorizing the census tracts into quintiles based on the income indicator. Results: During the two waves, women showed higher COVID-19 cumulative incidence under 64 years, while the trend was reversed after that threshold. The incidence of the disease was higher in some poor neighborhoods. The risk ratio (RR) increased in the poorest groups compared to the richest ones, mainly in the second wave, with RR being 1.67 (95% Credible Interval-CI-: 1.41-1.96) in the fifth quintile income group for men and 1.71 (95% CI: 1.44-1.99) for women. Conclusion: Our results indicate the existence of inequalities in the incidence of COVID-19 in an urban area of Southern Europe.
  • dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
  • dc.identifier.citation Marí-Dell'Olmo M, Gotsens M, Pasarín MI, Rodríguez-Sanz M, Artazcoz L, Garcia de Olalla P, Rius C, Borrell C. Socioeconomic inequalities in COVID-19 in a european urban area: two waves, two patterns. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18(3):1256. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031256
  • dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031256
  • dc.identifier.issn 1661-7827
  • dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/46931
  • dc.language.iso eng
  • dc.publisher MDPI
  • dc.relation.ispartof Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18(3):1256
  • dc.rights © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
  • dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  • dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
  • dc.subject.keyword COVID-19
  • dc.subject.keyword Geographical area
  • dc.subject.keyword Inequalities
  • dc.subject.keyword Urban area
  • dc.title Socioeconomic inequalities in COVID-19 in a european urban area: two waves, two patterns
  • dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
  • dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion