Cell-­‐free DNA analysis in maternal blood, new accurate approach for non-­‐invasive/nprenatal screening of chromosomal aneuploidies: review

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  • dc.contributor.author Sumarroca Bordas, Marinaca
  • dc.date.accessioned 2015-10-16T11:32:31Z
  • dc.date.available 2015-10-16T11:32:31Z
  • dc.date.issued 2015-10-16
  • dc.description Treball de fi de grau en Biologia Humanaca
  • dc.description Supervisor: Vincenzo Cirigliano
  • dc.description.abstract Prenatal screening and diagnostic tests for the detection of fetal chromosomal/nabnormalities are routine standard of care in pregnancy management. Traditional/nmethods consist of a non-invasive combined test, which gives an individual risk,/nfollowed by an invasive procedure if necessary. Recently, non-invasive prenatal testing/n(NIPT) through the analysis of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in maternal blood, has been/nshown to accurately detect common fetal autosomal trisomies during the first trimester/nof pregnancy. About 6-20% of cell free DNA circulating in maternal plasma are small/nDNA molecules coming from apoptotic trophoblastic cells. This approach, whose/nefficacy exceeds by far that of conventional screening, is based on sequencing and/ncounting the cfDNA sequences originating from different maternal and fetal genomic/nregions. In pregnancies with aneuploid fetuses, the extra or missing copy of the/naffected chromosome would alter the proportional representation of this specific/nchromosome in the maternal plasma. This innovative approach is more sensitive and/nspecific, offering a greater detection rate (DR) and a significantly lower false-positive/nrate (FPR), which would result in a reduction of invasive diagnostic procedures that/ncarry a risk of miscarriage. CfDNA testing is gaining widespread acceptability./nHowever, its high cost is actually still limiting its application to high- and intermediaterisk/npatients, identified as such by the conventional first-line method of screening. This/nproject is based on a detailed bibliographic search of recent and relevant studies to/nreview the current state of the art regarding the cfDNA screening test and its future/nperspectives and applicability in clinical practice.ca
  • dc.format.mimetype application/pdfca
  • dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/24852
  • dc.language.iso engca
  • dc.rights © Tots els drets reservats
  • dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessca
  • dc.subject.other Sang
  • dc.subject.other Embaràs
  • dc.subject.other Aneuploïdia
  • dc.subject.other Cura prenatal
  • dc.title Cell-­‐free DNA analysis in maternal blood, new accurate approach for non-­‐invasive/nprenatal screening of chromosomal aneuploidies: reviewca
  • dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisca