Trends in smoking initiation in Europe over 40 years: A retrospective cohort study

Marcon, Alessandro; Pesce, Giancarlo; Calciano, Lucia; Bellisario, Valeria; Dharmage, Shyamali C.; García Aymerich, Judith; Gislason, Thorarinn; Heinrich, Joachim; Holm, Mathias; Janson, Christer; Jarvis, Deborah; Leynaert, Bénédicte; Matheson, Melanie C.; Pirina, Pietro; Svanes, Cecilie; Villani, Simona; Zuberbier, Torsten; Minelli, Cosetta; Accordini, Simone; Ageing Lungs In European Cohorts study

Trends in smoking initiation in Europe over 40 years: A retrospective cohort study

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dc.contributor.author Marcon, Alessandro
dc.contributor.author Pesce, Giancarlo
dc.contributor.author Calciano, Lucia
dc.contributor.author Bellisario, Valeria
dc.contributor.author Dharmage, Shyamali C.
dc.contributor.author García Aymerich, Judith
dc.contributor.author Gislason, Thorarinn
dc.contributor.author Heinrich, Joachim
dc.contributor.author Holm, Mathias
dc.contributor.author Janson, Christer
dc.contributor.author Jarvis, Deborah
dc.contributor.author Leynaert, Bénédicte
dc.contributor.author Matheson, Melanie C.
dc.contributor.author Pirina, Pietro
dc.contributor.author Svanes, Cecilie
dc.contributor.author Villani, Simona
dc.contributor.author Zuberbier, Torsten
dc.contributor.author Minelli, Cosetta
dc.contributor.author Accordini, Simone
dc.contributor.author Ageing Lungs In European Cohorts study
dc.date.accessioned 2020-02-14T08:27:03Z
dc.date.available 2020-02-14T08:27:03Z
dc.date.issued 2018
dc.description.abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco consumption is the largest avoidable health risk. Understanding changes of smoking over time and across populations is crucial to implementing health policies. We evaluated trends in smoking initiation between 1970 and 2009 in random samples of European populations. METHODS: We pooled data from six multicentre studies involved in the Ageing Lungs in European Cohorts consortium, including overall 119,104 subjects from 17 countries (range of median ages across studies: 33-52 years). We estimated retrospectively trends in the rates of smoking initiation (uptake of regular smoking) by age group, and tested birth cohort effects using Age-Period-Cohort (APC) modelling. We stratified all analyses by sex and region (North, East, South, West Europe). RESULTS: Smoking initiation during late adolescence (16-20 years) declined for both sexes and in all regions (except for South Europe, where decline levelled off after 1990). By the late 2000s, rates of initiation during late adolescence were still high (40-80 per 1000/year) in East, South, and West Europe compared to North Europe (20 per 1000/year). Smoking initiation rates during early adolescence (11-15 years) showed a marked increase after 1990 in all regions (except for North European males) but especially in West Europe, where they reached 40 per 1000/year around 2005. APC models supported birth cohort effects in the youngest cohorts. CONCLUSION: Smoking initiation is still unacceptably high among European adolescents, and increasing rates among those aged 15 or less deserve attention. Reducing initiation in adolescents is fundamental, since youngsters are particularly vulnerable to nicotine addiction and tobacco adverse effects.
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
dc.identifier.citation Marcon A, Pesce G, Calciano L, Bellisario V, Dharmage SC, Garcia-Aymerich J et al. Trends in smoking initiation in Europe over 40 years: A retrospective cohort study. PLoS One. 2018;13(8):e0201881. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201881
dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201881
dc.identifier.issn 1932-6203
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/43603
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
dc.relation.ispartof PLoS One. 2018;13(8):e0201881
dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/633212
dc.rights © 2018 Marcon et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.keyword Smoking habits
dc.subject.keyword Europe
dc.subject.keyword Tobacco control
dc.subject.keyword Age groups
dc.subject.keyword Cohort studies
dc.subject.keyword Adolescents
dc.subject.keyword Antigen-presenting cells
dc.subject.keyword Italy
dc.title Trends in smoking initiation in Europe over 40 years: A retrospective cohort study
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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