Changes in prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in secondhand smoke exposure in Spanish children, 2016-2019

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  • dc.contributor.author Sanz Mas, Marta
  • dc.contributor.author Continente Garcia, Xavier, 1980-
  • dc.contributor.author Henderson, Elisabet
  • dc.contributor.author Fernández, Esteve
  • dc.contributor.author Schiaffino, Anna
  • dc.contributor.author Pérez-Ríos, Mónica
  • dc.contributor.author Espelt Hernández, Albert, 1981-
  • dc.contributor.author Guxens Junyent, Mònica
  • dc.contributor.author López, Maria José
  • dc.date.accessioned 2024-11-18T07:14:14Z
  • dc.date.available 2024-11-18T07:14:14Z
  • dc.date.issued 2024
  • dc.description.abstract Introduction: Children are vulnerable to secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, especially those with lower socioeconomic status. This study assesses the changes in prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in SHS exposure in children younger than 12 years old in Spain between 2016 and 2019. Methods: We conducted two cross-sectional studies among representative samples of households with children aged <12 years in Spain, in 2016 (n=2411) and 2019 (n=2412). Families were interviewed to assess children's SHS exposure in private settings and outdoor public venues and their adoption of home and car smoke-free rules. We used the education level of the home main earner as a proxy for socioeconomic position. Changes over time in the prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities of SHS exposure and smoke-free rules were estimated through adjusted Poisson regression models with robust variance according to sociodemographic covariates (adjusted prevalence ratios, APRs). Results: In 2019, 70.5% of children were exposed to SHS in Spain. No changes between 2016 and 2019 were found for overall SHS exposure, exposure at home, and at school entrances. SHS exposure increased at public transport stations (APR=1.24; 95% CI: 1.03-1.49) and outdoor hospitality venues (APR=1.17; 95% CI: 1.07-1.29) while it decreased in cars (APR=0.74; 95% CI: 0.56-0.98) and parks (APR=0.87; 95% CI: 0.77-0.98). Households with lower education level had higher prevalence of SHS exposure at home in 2019 compared with those with university studies (primary: APR=1.30; 95% CI: 1.11-1.51; secondary: APR=1.12; 95% CI: 1.00-1.25) and were less likely to adopt home indoor smoke-free rules (primary: APR=0.88; 95% CI: 0.79-0.99; secondary: APR=0.95; 95% CI: 0.89-1.02). Socioeconomic inequalities in SHS exposure at home persisted between 2016 and 2019 (p>0.05), while decreased in smoke-free rules in cars (p=0.039). Conclusions: Reported SHS exposure among children in Spain remained high between 2016 and 2019. Inequalities persisted at home, highlighting the need for measures to reduce such exposure with an equity perspective.
  • dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
  • dc.identifier.citation Sanz-Mas M, Continente X, Henderson E, Fernández E, Schiaffino A, Pérez-Ríos M, et al. Changes in prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in secondhand smoke exposure in Spanish children, 2016-2019. Tob Induc Dis. 2024 Jun 21;22. DOI: 10.18332/tid/189392
  • dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.18332/tid/189392
  • dc.identifier.issn 2070-7266
  • dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/68710
  • dc.language.iso eng
  • dc.publisher European Publishing
  • dc.relation.ispartof Tob Induc Dis. 2024 Jun 21;22
  • dc.rights © 2024 Sanz-Mas M. et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
  • dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  • dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
  • dc.subject.keyword Children
  • dc.subject.keyword Inequalities
  • dc.subject.keyword Smoke-free rules
  • dc.subject.keyword Socioeconomic position
  • dc.subject.keyword Tobacco smoke pollution
  • dc.title Changes in prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in secondhand smoke exposure in Spanish children, 2016-2019
  • dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
  • dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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Articles (Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida)
Articles (Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) – Campus Mar)