The landscape of facial processing applications in the context of the European AI Act and the development of trustworthy systems

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  • dc.contributor.author Hupont, Isabelle
  • dc.contributor.author Tolan, Songül
  • dc.contributor.author Gunes, Hatice
  • dc.contributor.author Gómez Gutiérrez, Emilia, 1975-
  • dc.date.accessioned 2023-03-01T13:51:16Z
  • dc.date.available 2023-03-01T13:51:16Z
  • dc.date.issued 2022
  • dc.description.abstract This work focuses on facial processing, which refers to artificial intelligence (AI) systems that take facial images or videos as input data and perform some AI-driven processing to obtain higher-level information (e.g. a person’s identity, emotions, demographic attributes) or newly generated imagery (e.g. with modified facial attributes). Facial processing tasks, such as face detection, face identification, facial expression recognition or facial attribute manipulation, are generally studied as separate research fields and without considering a particular scenario, context of use or intended purpose. This paper studies the field of facial processing in a holistic manner. It establishes the landscape of key computational tasks, applications and industrial players in the field in order to identify the 60 most relevant applications adopted for real-world uses. These applications are analysed in the context of the new proposal of the European Commission for harmonised rules on AI (the AI Act) and the 7 requirements for Trustworthy AI defined by the European High Level Expert Group on AI. More particularly, we assess the risk level conveyed by each application according to the AI Act and reflect on current research, technical and societal challenges towards trustworthy facial processing systems.
  • dc.description.sponsorship This work is partially supported by the European Commission under the HUMAINT project of the Joint Research Centre. H. Gunes is supported in part by the EPSRC under grant ref. EP/R030782/1 and by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program project WorkingAge under grant agreement No. 826232. The authors would like to thank Irina Orssich, Yordanka Ivanova and Gabriele Mazzini for relevant discussions on the AI Act.
  • dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
  • dc.identifier.citation Hupont I, Tolan S, Gunes H, Gómez E. The landscape of facial processing applications in the context of the European AI Act and the development of trustworthy systems. Sci Rep. 2022;12:10688. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14981-6
  • dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14981-6
  • dc.identifier.issn 2045-2322
  • dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/55995
  • dc.language.iso eng
  • dc.publisher Nature Research
  • dc.relation.ispartof Scientific Reports. 2022;12:10688.
  • dc.relation.isreferencedby https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41598-022-14981-6/MediaObjects/41598_2022_14981_MOESM1_ESM.pdf
  • dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/826232
  • dc.rights © The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third-party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
  • dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  • dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
  • dc.subject.keyword Computational science
  • dc.subject.keyword Computer science
  • dc.subject.keyword Software
  • dc.title The landscape of facial processing applications in the context of the European AI Act and the development of trustworthy systems
  • dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
  • dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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