Evolutionary and medical consequences of archaic introgression into modern human genomes

Dolgova, Olga; Lao Grueso, Oscar, 1976-

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9070358

Evolutionary and medical consequences of archaic introgression into modern human genomes

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Dolgova O, Lao O. Evolutionary and medical consequences of archaic introgression into modern human genomes. Genes (Basel). 2018; 9(7):358. DOI 10.3390/genes9070358

Abstract

The demographic history of anatomically modern humans (AMH) involves multiple migration events, population extinctions and genetic adaptations. As genome-wide data from complete genome sequencing becomes increasingly abundant and available even from extinct hominins, new insights of the evolutionary history of our species are discovered. It is currently known that AMH interbred with archaic hominins once they left the African continent. Current non-African human genomes carry fragments of archaic origin. This review focuses on the fitness consequences of archaic interbreeding in current human populations. We discuss new insights and challenges that researchers face when interpreting the potential impact of introgression on fitness and testing hypotheses about the role of selection within the context of health and disease.