Tuberculosis incidence among infected contacts detected through contact tracing of smear-positive patients

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• dc.contributor.author Martin-Sánchez, Mario
• dc.contributor.author Brugueras, Silvia
• dc.contributor.author Andrés, Anna de
• dc.contributor.author Simón, Pere
• dc.contributor.author Gorrindo, Pilar
• dc.contributor.author Ros, Miriam
• dc.contributor.author Masdeu, Eva
• dc.contributor.author Millet, Joan-Pau
• dc.contributor.author Caylà i Busqueras, Joan A.
• dc.contributor.author Orcau, Àngels
• dc.contributor.author Contact Tracing Group of the Tuberculosis Investigation Unit of Barcelona
• dc.date.accessioned 2020-07-16T08:01:44Z
• dc.date.available 2020-07-16T08:01:44Z
• dc.date.issued 2019
• dc.description.abstract Background: The contacts of people with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) have a high risk of becoming infected and developing tuberculosis (TB). Our aim was to determine the incidence of TB and its risk factors in a cohort of contacts with latent TB infection (LTBI) detected through contact tracing of smear-positive PTB cases. Methods and findings: We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study including contacts that had LTBI, and were contacts of people with PTB who started treatment between 2008 and 2014. We followed up contacts until they developed TB or until the end date for follow-up (31st December 2016). We used Kaplan-Meier curves to compute incidence at 2 and 5 years, and Cox regression to compute hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). We analyzed 3097 close contacts of 565 PTB cases. After exclusion of 81 co-prevalent TB cases, 953 contacts had LTBI, of which 14 developed TB. Their risk of developing TB after two and five years was 0.7% (CI: 0.3-1.6) and 1.8% (CI: 1.1-3.1) respectively. Contacts who had not been referred for LTBI treatment had a 1.0% (CI: 0.2-4.0) risk at 5 years. Risk of developing TB at 5 years was 1.2% (CI: 0.5-3.0) among people who completed treatment, and 11.1% (CI: 5.1-23.3) for those who did not. Risk factors for TB were not completing LTBI treatment (HR 9.4, CI: 2.9-30.8) and being female (HR 3.5, CI: 1.1-11-3). Conclusions: LTBI treatment plays a fundamental role in decreasing the risk of developing TB. It is necessary to achieve a maximum contact tracing coverage and the highest possible compliance with LTBI treatment.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Martin-Sanchez M, Brugueras S, de Andrés A, Simon P, Gorrindo P, Ros M, Masdeu E, Millet JP, Caylà JA, Orcau À; Contact Tracing Group of the Tuberculosis Investigation Unit of Barcelona. Tuberculosis incidence among infected contacts detected through contact tracing of smear-positive patients. PLoS One. 2019; 14(4):e0215322. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215322
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215322
• dc.identifier.issn 1932-6203
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/45125
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• dc.relation.ispartof PLoS One. 2019; 14(4):e0215322
• dc.rights © 2019 Martin-Sanchez et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Tuberculosis
• dc.subject.keyword Diabetes mellitus
• dc.subject.keyword HIV infections
• dc.subject.keyword Smoking habits
• dc.subject.keyword Sputum
• dc.subject.keyword Medical risk factors
• dc.subject.keyword Preterm birth
• dc.subject.keyword Tuberculin
• dc.title Tuberculosis incidence among infected contacts detected through contact tracing of smear-positive patients
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion