Comparative analysis of PSA density and an MRI-Based predictive model to improve the selection of candidates for prostate biopsy

Morote, Juan; Borque-Fernando, Ángel; Triquell, Marina; Celma, Anna; Regis, Lucas; Mast, Richard; Torres, Inés de; Semidey, María E.; Abascal-Junquera, José María; Servian, Pol; Santamaria, Anna; Planas, Jacques; Esteban, Luis M.; Trilla, Enrique

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14102374

Comparative analysis of PSA density and an MRI-Based predictive model to improve the selection of candidates for prostate biopsy

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Morote J, Borque-Fernando A, Triquell M, Celma A, Regis L, Mast R, et al. Comparative analysis of PSA density and an MRI-Based predictive model to improve the selection of candidates for prostate biopsy. Cancers (Basel). 2022 May 11; 14(10): 2374. DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102374

Abstract

This study is a head-to-head comparison between mPSAD and MRI-PMbdex. The MRI-PMbdex was created from 2432 men with suspected PCa; this cohort comprised the development and external validation cohorts of the Barcelona MRI predictive model. Pre-biopsy 3-Tesla multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and 2 to 4-core transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsies for suspicious lesions and/or 12-core TRUS systematic biopsies were scheduled. Clinically significant PCa (csPCa), defined as Gleason-based Grade Group 2 or higher, was detected in 934 men (38.4%). The area under the curve was 0.893 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.880-0.906) for MRI-PMbdex and 0.764 (95% CI: 0.774-0.783) for mPSAD, with p < 0.001. MRI-PMbdex showed net benefit over biopsy in all men when the probability of csPCa was greater than 2%, while mPSAD did the same when the probability of csPCa was greater than 18%. Thresholds of 13.5% for MRI-PMbdex and 0.628 ng/mL2 for mPSAD had 95% sensitivity for csPCa and presented 51.1% specificity for MRI-PMbdex and 19.6% specificity for mPSAD, with p < 0.001. MRI-PMbdex exhibited net benefit over mPSAD in men with prostate imaging report and data system (PI-RADS) <4, while neither exhibited any benefit in men with PI-RADS 5. Hence, we can conclude that MRI-PMbdex is more accurate than mPSAD for the proper selection of candidates for prostate biopsy among men with suspected PCa, with the exception of men with a PI-RAD S 5 score, for whom neither tool exhibited clinical guidance to determine the need for biopsy.