Gender-based approach on the social impact and mental health in Spain during COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study

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  • dc.contributor.author Jacques-Aviñó, Constanza
  • dc.contributor.author López-Jiménez, Tomàs
  • dc.contributor.author Medina Perucha, Laura
  • dc.contributor.author Bont, Jeroen de
  • dc.contributor.author Queiroga Gonçalves, Alessandra
  • dc.contributor.author Duarte Salles, Talita, 1985-
  • dc.contributor.author Berenguera, Anna
  • dc.date.accessioned 2022-04-28T05:48:35Z
  • dc.date.available 2022-04-28T05:48:35Z
  • dc.date.issued 2020
  • dc.description.abstract Objective: Lockdown has impacts on people's living conditions and mental health. The study aims to assess the relations between social impact and mental health among adults living in Spain during COVID-19 lockdown measures, taking a gender-based approach into account. Design, setting and participants: We conducted a cross-sectional study among adults living in Spain during the lockdown of COVID-19 with an online survey from 8 April to 28 May 2020. The main variable was mental health measured by Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale for anxiety and the Patient Health Questionnaire for depression. Sex-stratified multivariate ordinal logistic regression models were constructed to assess the association between social impact variables, anxiety and depression. Results: A total of 7053 people completed this survey. A total of 31.2% of women and 17.7% of men reported anxiety. Depression levels were reported in 28.5% of women and 16.7% of men. A higher proportion of anxiety and depression levels was found in the younger population (18-35 years), especially in women. Poorer mental health was mainly related to fear of COVID-19 infection, with higher anxiety levels especially in women (adjusted ordinal OR (aOR): 4.23, 95% CI 3.68 to 4.87) and worsened economy with higher levels of depression in women (aOR: 1.51, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.84), and perceived inadequate housing to cope with lockdown was especially associated with anxiety in men (aOR: 2.53, 95% CI 1.93 to 3.44). Conclusion: The social impact of the lockdown is related to gender, age and socioeconomic conditions. Women and young people had worse mental health outcomes during lockdown. It is urgent to establish strategies for public health emergencies that include mental health and its determinants, taking a gender-based approach into account, in order to reduce health inequities.
  • dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
  • dc.identifier.citation Jacques-Aviñó C, López-Jiménez T, Medina-Perucha L, de Bont J, Queiroga Gonçalves A, Duarte-Salles T, Berenguera A. Gender-based approach on the social impact and mental health in Spain during COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2020 Nov 24;10(11):e044617. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044617
  • dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044617
  • dc.identifier.issn 2044-6055
  • dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/52920
  • dc.language.iso eng
  • dc.publisher BMJ Publishing Group
  • dc.relation.ispartof BMJ Open. 2020 Nov 24;10(11):e044617
  • dc.rights © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
  • dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  • dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
  • dc.subject.keyword COVID-19
  • dc.subject.keyword Mental health
  • dc.subject.keyword Public health
  • dc.subject.keyword Sexual and gender disorders
  • dc.subject.keyword Social medicine
  • dc.title Gender-based approach on the social impact and mental health in Spain during COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study
  • dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
  • dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Col·leccions

Articles (Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) – Campus Mar)
Articles (Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida)