Modelling of daily radiofrequency electromagnetic field dose for a prospective adolescent cohort

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• dc.contributor.author Eeftens, Marloes
• dc.contributor.author Shen, Chen
• dc.contributor.author Sönksen, Jana
• dc.contributor.author Schmutz, Claudia
• dc.contributor.author van Wel, Luuk
• dc.contributor.author Liorni, Ilaria
• dc.contributor.author Vermeulen, Roel
• dc.contributor.author Cardis, Elisabeth
• dc.contributor.author Wiart, Joe
• dc.contributor.author Toledano, Mireille B.
• dc.contributor.author Röösli, Martin
• dc.date.accessioned 2023-03-27T08:20:18Z
• dc.date.available 2023-03-27T08:20:18Z
• dc.date.issued 2023
• dc.description.abstract Introduction: Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields originate from a variety of wireless communication sources operating near and far from the body, making it challenging to quantify daily absorbed dose. In the framework of the prospective cohort SCAMP (Study of Cognition, Adolescents and Mobile Phones), we aimed to characterize RF-EMF dose over a 2-year period. Methods: The SCAMP cohort included 6605 children from greater London, UK at baseline (age 12.1 years; 2014-2016) and 5194 at follow-up (age 14.2; 2016-2018). We estimated the daily dose of RF-EMF to eight tissues including the whole body and whole brain, using dosimetric algorithms for the specific absorption rate transfer into the body. We considered RF-EMF dose from 12 common usage scenarios such as mobile phone calls or data transmission. We evaluated the association between sociodemographic factors (gender, ethnicity, phone ownership and socio-economic status), and the dose change between baseline and follow-up. Results: Whole body dose was estimated at an average of 170 mJ/kg/day at baseline and 178 mJ/kg/day at follow-up. Among the eight tissues considered, the right temporal lobe received the highest daily dose (baseline 1150 mJ/kg/day, follow-up 1520 mJ/kg/day). Estimated daily dose [mJ/kg/day] increased between baseline and follow-up for head and brain related tissues, but remained stable for the whole body and heart. Doses estimated at baseline and follow-up showed low correlation among the 3384 children who completed both assessments. Asian ethnicity (compared to white) and owning a bar phone or no phone (as opposed to a smartphone) were associated with lower estimated whole-body and whole-brain RF-EMF dose, while black ethnicity, a moderate/low socio-economic status (compared to high), and increasing age (at baseline) were associated with higher estimated RF-EMF dose. Conclusion: This study describes the first longitudinal exposure assessment for children in a critical period of development. Dose estimations will be used in further epidemiological analyses for the SCAMP study.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Eeftens M, Shen C, Sönksen J, Schmutz C, van Wel L, Liorni I, Vermeulen R, Cardis E, Wiart J, Toledano M, Röösli M. Modelling of daily radiofrequency electromagnetic field dose for a prospective adolescent cohort. Environ Int. 2023 Feb;172:107737. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107737
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2023.107737
• dc.identifier.issn 0160-4120
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/56356
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Elsevier
• dc.relation.ispartof Environ Int. 2023 Feb;172:107737
• dc.rights © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Dose modelling
• dc.subject.keyword Mobile phones
• dc.subject.keyword Personal exposure
• dc.subject.keyword Radiofrequency electromagnetic Fields
• dc.subject.keyword SCAMP
• dc.subject.keyword Smart Phones
• dc.subject.keyword WiFi
• dc.title Modelling of daily radiofrequency electromagnetic field dose for a prospective adolescent cohort
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion