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Metadata only Item type: Item , Virender Sehwag and Cricket’s Existential Anxiety(Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018) Das, RatulThe article is in the nature of a personal interpretation of the illustrious career of former Indian batsman Virender Sehwag. Known for his swashbuckling stroke play, he found his niche at the top of the famed Test batting line up that once boasted of the likes of Rahul Dravid, Sachin Tendulkar, V.V.S. Laxman and Saurav Ganguly, despite unanimous opinion of critics about the glaring deficiencies in his batting technique. His rather inconsistent returns in limited overs cricket run counter to the conventional wisdom that associates the ‘copybook style’ of batting with greater successes in the longest format of the sport. The article is less of an attempt to a statistical analysis of the batsman for reaching a quantitative explanation for the said ‘anomaly’ in his performances, and more of an enquiry into his ‘inner world’ as a batsman, offering a metaphorical insight into the existential dichotomy of the longer and shorter formats of cricket. The author draws from the perspective of Danish theologian Soren Kierkegaard on anxiety and that of American anthropologist Ernest Becker on neurosis, reflecting on the various manifestations of despair that haunt batsmen across formats, as a window to Sehwag’s unique defences in dealing with the anxieties at the batting crease. In this quest, the author expresses concerns about the future of the game in the backdrop of the slippery slope of the age-old existential dilemma facing the governing body of the sport in its bid to go truly global.Metadata only Item type: Item , ¿Es ético el uso de estimulación eléctrica del cerebro para acelerar el entrenamiento en habilidades, fuerza y rendimiento en el deporte?(Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018) Monasterio Astobiza, AníbalEl dopaje y la mejora humana son dos ámbitos que convergen en el deporte. Se unen en el deporte porque el deporte consiste en superar nuestros límites –mejorarnos- y el dopaje es el conjunto de intervenciones destinadas a mejorar nuestro rendimiento y, por consiguiente, superar nuestros límites -mejorarnos. Sin embargo, las normas de la Agencia Mundial Anti-dopaje prohíben el uso de métodos de dopaje en todas sus formas, incluidas las farmacológicas para mejorar el rendimiento deportivo. A pesar de esta contradicción aparente y lo poco realista de prohibir el dopaje en el deporte, el desarrollo de la neurociencia puede conducir a la imposibilidad de discriminar específicamente el uso legítimo o ilegítimo de intervenciones para mejorar el rendimiento en el deporte. En este escrito, sugiero que el “neurodopaje” no tiene por qué verse como un uso deshonesto e incorrecto éticamente porque si se usa con las medidas de seguridad adecuadas puede mejorar el rendimiento -la esencia del deporte- y el disfrute de los espectadores.Metadata only Item type: Item , Diversidad, religión y política durante la Copa del Mundo de Rusia 2018(Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018) Valencia Candalija, RafaelEl presente artículo tratará de poner de manifiesto la concurrencia en la fase final de la Copa del Mundo de Rusia 2018 de factores, derivados de la diversidad y el pluralismo de la sociedad actual, como la religión y la política. Para ello se hace imprescindible examinar los diferentes sucesos, de una y otra índole, acaecidos en la fase final de la Copa del Mundo y su tratamiento en función de las normas establecidas por la FIFA. Asimismo se hace necesario abordar las soluciones otorgadas por la propia FIFA en virtud de la referida normativa y la conveniencia de las mismas.Metadata only Item type: Item , The Turkish Ordeal: Turkish Football Federation’s Stance Against the ‘Other’(Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018) Abanazir, CemHaving an absolute monopoly on football in Turkey; Turkish Football Federation (‘TFF’) governs football through executive committee decisions and regulations put into force by it. Thanks to an amendment to the Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, these decisions and regulations have total immunity from the courts of law including the Constitutional Court. The most important aspect of the decisions of the TFF is that the decisions affect all stake-holders and spectators. This article concerns the effects of the said decisions and regulations on women spectators and the LGBTQIA community. It depicts and analyses three cases of ‘othering’ against women and LGBTQIA community on the part of the TFF. Despite the fact that the regulations which gave birth to two of the cases were repealed or amended at the time of writing; it is suggested that the reasons behind the legislation and the implementation of these articles endure. The apparent candidate for a reason for the ‘othering’ of non-male and to be more precise non-masculine individuals is the role of masculinity within both the society and the football community itself. In this article, it is put forth that the stance against the other by the state and the society provides for a basis for the institutionalisation of the othering in football.Metadata only Item type: Item , The Strategic Foul and Contract Law: Efficient Breach in Sports?(Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018) Imbrišević, MiroslavThe debate about the Strategic Foul has been rumbling on for several decades and it has predominantly been fought on moral grounds. The defenders claim that the rules of a game must be supplemented by the ‘ethos’ of the game, by its conventions or informal rules. Critics of the Strategic Foul argue that to break the rules deliberately, in order to gain an advantage, is morally wrong, spoils the game, or is a form of cheating. Rather than entering the moral maze I will argue that the Strategic Foul rests on a conceptual mistake. I will contrast the Strategic Foul with the idea of Efficient Breach in the economic approach to law in order to bring out some of the salient features. While doing so I will attempt some cross-fertilisation between jurisprudential insights and philosophical reflection on game rules. Finally, I will re-cast Searle’s distinction between constitutive and regulative rules in order to bring out the conceptual mistake more clearly.Metadata only Item type: Item , Aprender virtudes a través del juego y la práctica del deporte(Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018) Maza, MafaldoEl juego y la práctica del deporte ofrecen los sentimientos y emociones de una experiencia parecida a las que se vive en la cotidianidad, por lo tanto, las estrategias aquí planteadas para enseñar filosofía son basadas en practicas deportivas que resalten lo significante de la enseñanza de la filosofía. La virtud la concibo como: un movimiento de ejercitación y apropiación de la acción. De la cual se derivan otra serie de movimientos y acciones que nos llevarán hacia el Movimiento Moral Motivado (M3), para interpretar el acto moral. Por lo tanto, aprender virtudes abre la posibilidad para generar una actitud reflexiva, de preguntarse, de realizar acciones y reacciones de lo que le acontece en la vida. Acciones y reacciones que pueden estar motivadas desde las emociones y sensaciones experimentadas y que pueden guiar el carácter en los momentos de mayor estrés, en situaciones límites, como los que se viven en el juego, la práctica del deporte y de la vida misma.Metadata only Item type: Item , Conduct of Life and Endurance Sport(Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018) Hochstetler, Doug; Krebs, AndrewOur aim here (as an academician and a practitioner) is to conceptualize sport integrity and ethics in a broad way to focus on conduct in life. In other words, our intent is to address the question of how we should live, on a day-to-day basis, as endurance athletes. In this paper we will briefly examine the theoretical constructs regarding the transactional nature of endurance sport and ethics. We will do so within the context of the American philosophical tradition. These conceptual themes include the significance of endurance sport for participants; the creation of identity around these pursuits; and the potential ethical issues that arise for the endurance sport enthusiast. In the latter part of the paper we explore potential answers to these questions – broad concepts with possibilities for reaping the benefits of endurance sport participation, while minimizing the negative ethical impact. Our research approach, following the radical empiricism of William James, places a premium on lived experience found in and through endurance sport. We emphasize here the practitioner perspective, a lived experience of sorts, the insights earned through lengthy participation in endurance sport pursuits. To this end, throughout the paper we alternate between formal, scholarly prose and the practitioner perspective.Metadata only Item type: Item , Test, Competition and Betterness. Another Tricky Triad(Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018) Hämäläinen, MikaBernard Suits famously labelled games, play and sport as a tricky triad which he discussed philosophically. The aim of this paper is to elaborate another interesting conceptual trio related to sports: namely test, competition, and betterness. My elaboration is based on a distinction between structural and psychological level of sport and related activities. I am interested in how the structural level contributes to our understanding of test, competition, and betterness. However, the structural and psychological level are not necessarily fully independent, and my analysis includes also discussion about the psychological level. I will utilise R. Scott Kretchmar’s view of test and contest in my analysis, although I partly deviate from his thoughts. I mainly follow Kretchmar when I suggest that a test refers to the challenge of completing a task when there is enough but not too much uncertainty about whether one can complete the task. In addition, I claim that a competition is a framework that enables betterness to exist. By betterness, I mean the hierarchical order of units that are being compared. Finally, I describe conceptual dependencies between the concepts of test, competition, and betterness.Metadata only Item type: Item , Empatia e Vontade de Vencer: Dois Polos em Tensão Permanente no Esporte(Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018) Pedrosa Ribeiro, Elizabeth; Oliveira de Azevedo, Marco AntonioIn competitive sport, the pursuit of victory seems to require athletes a degree of "immorality." Intentional simulations and fouls, as well as teasing and even aggression are not exactly rare in team sports. Are these behaviors intrinsic to the practice of sports? It seems that such behaviors depend on a certain nullification or blockage of the empathic mechanisms in our brain, that is, for there to be a "will to win," less empathy is required than morality requires. However, empathic feelings are fundamental conditions for appropriate moral behavior. In this article, We will argue that during a competition, it is inevitable that athletes express conflicting sentiments and that there is an inherent tension in the sport between the will to win and empathy. These two impulses are always present in the sport, since they represent, on the one hand, the desire of the sportsman to be successful and, on the other, the desire to respect the adversary, in order to guarantee a fair competition. Combining these two features without making them void is perhaps the greatest value of competitive sport.