Valdivielso Moré, SandraVicente Elcano, MirenGarcía Alonso, AnnaPascual Sanchez, SergiGalceran Herrera, IsabelBarbosa Puig, FranciscoBelarte Tornero, Laia CarlaRuiz-Bustillo, SoniaMorales Murillo, Ronald OctavioBarrios Barrera, ClaraVime-Jubany, JoanFarré López, Núria2023-06-202023-06-202023Valdivielso S, Vicente M, García A, Pascual S, Galceran I, Barbosa F, et al. Characteristics of patients with heart failure and advanced chronic kidney disease (Stages 4–5) not undergoing renal replacement therapy (ERCA-IC Study). JCM. 2023 Mar 2;12(6):2339. DOI: 10.3390/jcm120623392077-0383http://hdl.handle.net/10230/57254Despite the frequent coexistence of heart failure (HF) in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), it has been understudied, and little is known about its prevalence and prognostic relevance. A retrospective study of 217 patients with advanced CKD (stages 4 and 5) who did not undergo renal replacement therapy (RRT). The patients were followed up for two years. The primary outcome was all-cause death or the need for RRT. Forty percent of patients had a history of HF. The mean age was 78.2 ± 8.8 years and the mean eGFR was 18.4 ± 5.5 mL/min/1.73 m2. The presence of previous HF identified a subgroup of high-risk patients with a high prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities and was significantly associated with the composite endpoint of all-cause hospitalization or need for RRT (66.7% vs. 53.1%, HR 95% CI 1.62 (1.04–2.52), p = 0.034). No differences were found in the need for RRT (27.6% vs. 32.2%, p = 0.46). Nineteen patients without HF at baseline developed HF during the follow-up and all-cause death was numerically higher (36.8 vs. 19.8%, p = 0.1). Patients with advanced CKD have a high prevalence of HF. The presence of previous HF identified a high-risk population with a worse prognosis that required close follow-up.application/pdfeng© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12062339Advanced chronic kidney diseaseCardiorenalHeart failureKidney dysfunctionPrognosisMortalityinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess