Peñuelas, OscarKeough, ElenaLópez-Rodríguez, LucíaCarriedo, DemetrioGonçalves, GeslyBarreiro Portela, EstherLorente, José Ángel2020-01-282020-01-282019Peñuelas O, Keough E, López-Rodríguez L, Carriedo D, Gonçalves G, Barreiro E. Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction: translational mechanisms lead to therapeutical alternatives in the critically ill. Intensive Care Med Exp. 2019 Jul 25;7(Suppl 1):48. DOI: 10.1186/s40635-019-0259-92197-425Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/43427Mechanical ventilation [MV] is a life-saving technique delivered to critically ill patients incapable of adequately ventilating and/or oxygenating due to respiratory or other disease processes. This necessarily invasive support however could potentially result in important iatrogenic complications. Even brief periods of MV may result in diaphragm weakness [i.e., ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction [VIDD]], which may be associated with difficulty weaning from the ventilator as well as mortality. This suggests that VIDD could potentially have a major impact on clinical practice through worse clinical outcomes and healthcare resource use. Recent translational investigations have identified that VIDD is mainly characterized by alterations resulting in a major decline of diaphragmatic contractile force together with atrophy of diaphragm muscle fibers. However, the signaling mechanisms responsible for VIDD have not been fully established. In this paper, we summarize the current understanding of the pathophysiological pathways underlying VIDD and highlight the diagnostic approach, as well as novel and experimental therapeutic options.application/pdfengThe Author(s). 2019 Open Access.This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40635-019-0259-9Critically ill patientDiaphragm dysfunctionDiaphragmatic fatigueMechanical ventilationRespiratory musclesWeaning failureinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess