Hernáez, ÁlvaroCastañer, OlgaGoday Arno, AlbertoRos, EmilioPintó Sala, XavierEstruch, RamónSalas Salvadó, JordiCorella, DoloresArós, FernandoSerra Majem, LluísMartínez-González, Miguel Ángel, 1957-Fiol, MiquelLapetra, JoséTorre Fornell, Rafael de laLópez Sabater, M. CarmenFitó Colomer, Montserrat2024-01-242024-01-242017Hernáez Á, Castañer O, Goday A, Ros E, Pintó X, Estruch R et al. The Mediterranean Diet decreases LDL atherogenicity in high cardiovascular risk individuals: a randomized controlled trial. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2017 Sep;61(9). DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.2016010151613-4125http://hdl.handle.net/10230/58810Scope: Traditional Mediterranean diet (TMD) protects against cardiovascular disease through several mechanisms such as decreasing LDL cholesterol levels. However, evidence regarding TMD effects on LDL atherogenic traits (resistance against oxidation, size, composition, cytotoxicity) is scarce. Methods and results: We assessed the effects of a 1-year intervention with a TMD on LDL atherogenic traits in a random sub-sample of individuals from the PREDIMED study (N = 210). We compared two TMDs: one enriched with virgin olive oil (TMD-VOO, N = 71) and another with nuts (TMD-Nuts, N = 68), versus a low-fat control diet (N = 71). After the TMD-VOO intervention, LDL resistance against oxidation increased (+6.46%, p = 0.007), the degree of LDL oxidative modifications decreased (-36.3%, p<0.05), estimated LDL particle size augmented (+3.06%, p = 0.021), and LDL particles became cholesterol-rich (+2.41% p = 0.013) relative to the low-fat control diet. LDL lipoproteins became less cytotoxic for macrophages only relative to baseline (-13.4%, p = 0.019). No significant effects of the TMD-Nuts intervention on LDL traits were observed versus the control diet. Conclusion: Adherence to a TMD, particularly when enriched with virgin olive oil, decreased LDL atherogenicity in high cardiovascular risk individuals. The development of less atherogenic LDLs could contribute to explaining some of the cardioprotective benefits of this dietary pattern.application/pdfengThis is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Hernáez Á, Castañer O, Goday A, Ros E, Pintó X, Estruch R et al. The Mediterranean Diet decreases LDL atherogenicity in high cardiovascular risk individuals: a randomized controlled trial. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2017 Sep;61(9). DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201601015, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201601015. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.The Mediterranean Diet decreases LDL atherogenicity in high cardiovascular risk individuals: a randomized controlled trialinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201601015LDL cytotoxicityLDL oxidationLDL sizeLow density lipoproteinsMediterranean dietinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess