Ferrari, RobertoDe Llobet, Lara IsabelDi Vona, Chiara, 1981-Le Dily, FrançoisVidal Ocabo, EnriqueLloutas, AntoniosQuilez Oliete, JavierJochem, LauraCuts, ErinDieci, GiorgioVannini, AlessandroTeichmann, Martinde la Luna, SusanaBeato, Miguel2020-04-172020-04-172020Ferrari R, de Llobet Cucalon LI, Di Vona C, Le Dilly F, Vidal E, Lioutas A et al. TFIIIC binding to alu elements controls gene expression via chromatin looping and histone acetylation. Mol Cell. 2020 Feb 6; 77(3): 475-487.e11. DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.10.0201097-2765http://hdl.handle.net/10230/44261How repetitive elements, epigenetic modifications, and architectural proteins interact ensuring proper genome expression remains poorly understood. Here, we report regulatory mechanisms unveiling a central role of Alu elements (AEs) and RNA polymerase III transcription factor C (TFIIIC) in structurally and functionally modulating the genome via chromatin looping and histone acetylation. Upon serum deprivation, a subset of AEs pre-marked by the activity-dependent neuroprotector homeobox Protein (ADNP) and located near cell-cycle genes recruits TFIIIC, which alters their chromatin accessibility by direct acetylation of histone H3 lysine-18 (H3K18). This facilitates the contacts of AEs with distant CTCF sites near promoter of other cell-cycle genes, which also become hyperacetylated at H3K18. These changes ensure basal transcription of cell-cycle genes and are critical for their re-activation upon serum re-exposure. Our study reveals how direct manipulation of the epigenetic state of AEs by a general transcription factor regulates 3D genome folding and expression.application/pdfeng© 2019 Roberto Ferrari et al. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)Expressió gènicaCromatinaHistonesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2019.10.020info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess