Ramírez, Manuel EncarnaciónMontemurro, NicolaMusa, GeraldChmutin, Gennady E.Nurmukhametov, RenatRosario, AndreinaLafuente Baraza, JesusKaprovoy, StanislavKonovalov, NikolayKudriavtsev, DmitryMukengeshay, Jeff NatalajaKalangu, Kazadi KelvinKachinga, SichizyaSufianov, AlbertSimfukwe, KeithBaeza-Antón, LauraKutty, Raja K.El-Ghandour, Nasser M. F.Garozzo, Debora2025-07-092025-07-092024Ramirez MJE, Montemurro N, Musa G, Chmutin GE, Nurmukhametov R, Rosario AR, et al. On the balance beam: facing the challenges of neurosurgical education in the third millennium. Surg Neurol Int. 2024 Mar 22;15:102. DOI: 10.25259/SNI_1014_20232229-5097http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70869Background: Neurosurgery is one of the most complex and challenging areas of medicine, and it requires an ongoing commitment to education and expertise. Preparing young neurosurgeons with comprehensive education that can allow them to achieve high professional standards is a pivotal aspect of our profession. Methods: This paper aims to analyze the current scenario in neurosurgical training identifying innovative methods that can guarantee the highest level of proficiency in our specialty. Results: Given the inherent high-stakes nature of neurosurgical procedures, there is a significant burden of responsibility in ensuring that neurosurgical training is of the highest caliber, capable of producing practitioners who possess not just theoretical knowledge but also practical skills and well-tuned judgment. Conclusion: Providing high-quality training is one of the major challenges that the neurosurgical community has to face nowadays, especially in low- and middle-income countries; one of the main issues to implementing neurosurgery worldwide is that the majority of African countries and many areas in Southeast Asia still have few neurosurgeons who encounter enormous daily difficulties to guarantee the appropriate neurosurgical care to their population.application/pdfeng© 2024 Published by Scientific Scholar on behalf of Surgical Neurology International. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), which allows others to remix, transform, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.25259/SNI_1014_2023MentorshipMicrosurgery laboratoryNeurosurgeryNeurosurgical educationTraininginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess