Guerrero Jijon, Santiago XavierLópez-Cortés, AndrésIndacochea Cusirramos, AlbertoGarcía-Cárdenas, Jennyfer M.Zambrano, Ana KarinaCabrera-Andrade, AlejandroGuevara-Ramírez, PatriciaAbigail González, DianaLeone, Paola E.Paz-y-Miño, César2019-12-092019-12-092018Guerrero S, López-Cortés A, Indacochea A, García-Cárdenas JM, Zambrano AK, Cabrera-Andrade A, Guevara-Ramírez P, González DA, Leone PE, Paz-Y-Miño C. Analysis of racial/ethnic representation in select basic and applied cancer research studies. Sci Rep. 2018; 8(1):13978. DOI 10.1038/s41598-018-32264-x2045-2322http://hdl.handle.net/10230/43119Over the past decades, consistent studies have shown that race/ethnicity have a great impact on cancer incidence, survival, drug response, molecular pathways and epigenetics. Despite the influence of race/ethnicity in cancer outcomes and its impact in health care quality, a comprehensive understanding of racial/ethnic inclusion in oncological research has never been addressed. We therefore explored the racial/ethnic composition of samples/individuals included in fundamental (patient-derived oncological models, biobanks and genomics) and applied cancer research studies (clinical trials). Regarding patient-derived oncological models (n = 794), 48.3% have no records on their donor's race/ethnicity, the rest were isolated from White (37.5%), Asian (10%), African American (3.8%) and Hispanic (0.4%) donors. Biobanks (n = 8,293) hold specimens from unknown (24.56%), White (59.03%), African American (11.05%), Asian (4.12%) and other individuals (1.24%). Genomic projects (n = 6,765,447) include samples from unknown (0.6%), White (91.1%), Asian (5.6%), African American (1.7%), Hispanic (0.5%) and other populations (0.5%). Concerning clinical trials (n = 89,212), no racial/ethnic registries were found in 66.95% of participants, and records were mainly obtained from Whites (25.94%), Asians (4.97%), African Americans (1.08%), Hispanics (0.16%) and other minorities (0.9%). Thus, two tendencies were observed across oncological studies: lack of racial/ethnic information and overrepresentation of Caucasian/White samples/individuals. These results clearly indicate a need to diversify oncological studies to other populations along with novel strategies to enhanced race/ethnicity data recording and reporting.application/pdfeng© The Author(s) 2018. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32264-xCancer epidemiologyCancer preventioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess