Letang Jiménez de Anta, Emilio ÁngelEllis, JayneNaidoo, KogieleumCasas, Esther C.Sánchez-Martínez, FrancescaHassan-Moosa, RaziaCresswell, FionaMiró, José MaríaGarcía-Basteiro, Alberto L.2021-04-122021-04-122020Letang E, Ellis J, Naidoo K, Casas EC, Sánchez P, Hassan-Moosa R, et al. Tuberculosis-HIV co-infection: progress and challenges after two decades of global antiretroviral treatment roll-out. Arch Bronconeumol. 2020 Jul; 56(7):446-54. DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2019.11.0150300-2896http://hdl.handle.net/10230/47083Despite wide antiretroviral scale-up during the past two decades resulting in declining new infections and mortality globally, HIV-associated tuberculosis remains as a major public health concern. Tuberculosis is the leading HIV-associated opportunistic infection and the main cause of death globally and, particularly, in resource-limited settings. Several challenges exist regarding diagnosis, global implementation of latent tuberculosis treatment, management of active tuberculosis, delivery of optimal patient-centered TB and HIV prevention and care in high burden countries. In this article we review the advances on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment after nearly two decades of global roll-out of antiretroviral therapy and discuss the current challenges for the global control of tuberculosis-HIV co-infection.application/pdfeng© 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. on behalf of SEPAR. This is an open accessarticle under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arbres.2019.11.015ARTDiagnosisDiagnóstico; HIV/AIDSImplementation challengesPathogenesisPatogénesisResource-limited settingsRetos en implementaciónSituaciones de recursos limitadosTARVTratamientoTreatmentTuberculosisVIH/SIDAinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess