Guio, LaiGonzález, Josefa2025-05-262025-05-262019Guio L, González J. New insights on the evolution of genome content: population dynamics of transposable elements in flies and humans. In: Anisimova M, editor. Evolutionary genomics: statistical and computational methods. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Humana Press; c2019. p. 505-30. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9074-0_169781493990733http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70486Understanding the abundance, diversity, and distribution of TEs in genomes is crucial to understand genome structure, function, and evolution. Advances in whole-genome sequencing techniques, as well as in bioinformatics tools, have increased our ability to detect and analyze the transposable element content in genomes. In addition to reference genomes, we now have access to population datasets in which multiple individuals within a species are sequenced. In this chapter, we highlight the recent advances in the study of TE population dynamics focusing on fruit flies and humans, which represent two extremes in terms of TE abundance, diversity, and activity. We review the most recent methodological approaches applied to the study of TE dynamics as well as the new knowledge on host factors involved in the regulation of TE activity. In addition to transposition rates, we also focus on TE deletion rates and on the selective forces that affect the dynamics of TEs in genomes.application/pdfengThis chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this chapter are included in the chapter’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the chapter’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.info:eu-repo/semantics/bookParthttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9074-0_16Long-read sequencingTransposition ratesSelf-regulationEffective population sizeAdaptationHorizontal transferinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess