García-Gavilán, Jesús FranciscoFitó Colomer, MontserratSalas Salvadó, Jordi2023-02-072023-02-072022García-Gavilán J, Nishi SK, Paz-Graniel I, Guasch-Ferré M, Razquin C, Clish CB, et al. Plasma metabolite profiles associated with the amount and source of meat and fish consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2022 Dec;66(23):e2200145. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.2022001451613-4125http://hdl.handle.net/10230/55661Scope: Consumption of meat has been associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but if plasma metabolite profiles associated with these foods reflect this relationship is unknown. The objective is to identify a metabolite signature of consumption of total meat (TM), red meat (RM), processed red meat (PRM), and fish and examine if they are associated with T2D risk. Methods and results: The discovery population includes 1833 participants from the PREDIMED trial. The internal validation sample includes 1522 participants with available 1-year follow-up metabolomic data. Associations between metabolites and TM, RM, PRM, and fish are evaluated with elastic net regression. Associations between the profiles and incident T2D are estimated using Cox regressions. The profiles included 72 metabolites for TM, 69 for RM, 74 for PRM, and 66 for fish. After adjusting for T2D risk factors, only profiles of TM (Hazard Ratio (HR): 1.25, 95% CI: 1.06-1.49), RM (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.07-1.52), and PRM (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.07-1.51) are associated with T2D. Conclusions: The consumption of TM, its subtypes, and fish is associated with different metabolites, some of which have been previously associated with T2D. Scores based on the identified metabolites for TM, RM, and PRM show a significant association with T2D risk.application/pdfeng© 2022 The Authors. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.202200145PREDIMEDFishMeatMetabolomicsType 2 diabetesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess