Flores, José CarlosGracia Lavedan, EstherRomaguera Bosch, DoraGimeno Vázquez, EvaKogevinas, ManolisCastaño Vinyals, GemmaCasabonne, Delphine2020-06-162020-06-162020Flores JC, Gracia-Lavedan E, Benavente Y, Amiano P, Romaguera D, Costas L, et al. The dietary inflammatory index and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in the MCC Spain Study. Nutrients. 2019 Dec 23; 12(1):48. DOI: 10.3390/nu120100482072-6643http://hdl.handle.net/10230/44984Chronic inflammation plays a role in the development of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), and diet might modulate chronic inflammation. This study aims to evaluate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and CLL. A total of 366 CLL cases and 1643 controls of the Spanish multicase-control (MCC) Spain study were included. The inflammatory potential of the diet was assessed using the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) based on 30 items from a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using logistic regression models controlling for potential confounders. Overall, a modest, non-statistically significant, positive association was observed between CLL and E-DII scores (OR for a one-unit increase in E-DII: 1.05 (CI 95%: 0.99, 1.12), p-value = 0.09 and by tertiles: ORT2vsT1: 1.20 (CI 95%: 0.90, 1.59); OR T3vsT1: 1.21 (CI 95%: 0.90, 1.62), p trend = 0.21). These results were independent from disease severity (p-het: 0.70), time from diagnosis (p-het: 0.67) and CLL treatment received (p-het: 0.56). No interactions were detected. In conclusion, the consumption of a diet with high pro-inflammatory components was not significantly associated with CLL. Changes towards a more pro-inflammatory dietary pattern in younger generations not included here warrant future research.application/pdfengCopyright © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010048MCC Spain studyCancerCase-control studyChronic lymphocytic leukaemiaDietary inflammatory indexNutritioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess