Arpino, BrunoEsping-Andersen, Gøsta, 1947-Pessin, Léa2023-06-262023-06-262015Arpino B, Esping-Andersen G, Pessin L. How do changes in gender role attitudes towards female employment influence fertility? A macro level analysis. European Sociological Review. 2015 Jun;31(3):370-82 DOI: 10.1093/esr/jcv0020266-7215http://hdl.handle.net/10230/57329Includes supplementary materials for the online appendix.This study explores whether the diffusion of gender-equitable attitudes towards female employment is associated with fertility. We argue that any positive effect on fertility requires not only high levels of gender-equitable attitudes overall, but also attitude convergence between men and women. We analyse 27 countries using data from the World Values Surveys and European Values Studies. We find support for a U-shaped relationship between changes in gender role attitudes and fertility: an initial drop in fertility is observed as countries move from a traditional to a more gender-symmetric model. Beyond a certain threshold, additional increases in gender egalitarianism become positively associated with fertility. This curvi-linear relationship is moderated by the difference in attitudes between men and women: when there is more agreement, changes are more rapid and the effect of gender egalitarian attitudes on fertility strengthens.application/pdfeng© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Estudis de donesTreballadoresDones -- Treball -- Dret i legislacióFecunditatinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcv002info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess