Pérez-Vega, Karla AlejandraCastañer, OlgaSanllorente Melenchón, AlbertLassale, CamilleRos, EmilioPintó Sala, XavierEstruch, RamónSalas Salvadó, JordiCorella, DoloresAlonso-Gómez, ÁngelSerra-Majem, LuisRazquin, CristinaFiol, MiquelLapetra, JoséGómez-Gracia, EnriqueTinahones Madueño, Francisco JoséHernáez, ÁlvaroFitó Colomer, Montserrat2023-04-182023-04-182023Pérez-Vega KA, Castañer O, Sanllorente A, Lassale C, Ros E, Pintó X, Estruch R, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Serra-Majem L, Razquin C, Fiol M, Lapetra J, Gómez-Gracia E, Tinahones FJ, Hernáez Á, Fitó M. Mediterranean diet, energy restriction, physical activity, and atherogenicity of very-low density lipoproteins: Findings from two randomized controlled trials. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2023 Jan;67(1):e2200338. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.2022003381613-4125http://hdl.handle.net/10230/56485Scope: Some very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) properties may render them more pro-atherogenic. We aimed to assess whether a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) or an energy-reduced MedDiet with increased physical activity improves them. Methods and results: In a sample of the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) study, a 1-year intervention with MedDiet with extra-virgin olive oil (n = 89) or nuts (MedDiet-Nuts; n = 79) is compared with a low-fat diet (n = 90). In the PREDIMED-Plus study, a 1-year intervention with energy-reduced MedDiet and physical activity (n = 103) is compared with an ad libitum MedDiet (n = 101). VLDL levels of apolipoprotein C-I, C-III, triglycerides, and cholesterol; the apolipoprotein E-/C-I ratio; and VLDL ex-vivo triglyceride transfer are measured. In PREDIMED participants in both MedDiet groups combined, VLDL apolipoprotein C-III levels are nominally reduced (-0.023 SD units, 95% CI -0.44 to -0.014, p = 0.037). VLDL triglyceride transfer is nominally increased in the MedDiet-Nuts group (+0.39 SD units, 95% CI 0.012-0.78, p = 0.045). In PREDIMED-Plus, no inter-group differences are detected. Conclusions: In older adults at high cardiovascular risk, MedDiet is associated with lower VLDL atherogenicity versus a low-fat diet. No differences are seen after an energy-reduced MedDiet with physical activity.application/pdfeng© 2022 The Authors. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.202200338Mediterranean dietEnergy-reduced dietRandomized controlled trialTriglyceridesVery low-density lipoproteininfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess