Cantero-Pérez, JonLloveras Rubio, BelenSolé-Sedeño, Josep MariaGenescà, Meritxell2021-02-262021-02-262019Cantero-Pérez J, Grau-Expósito J, Serra-Peinado C, Rosero DA, Luque-Ballesteros L, Astorga-Gamaza A, et al. Resident memory T cells are a cellular reservoir for HIV in the cervical mucosa. Nat Commun. 2019 Oct 18; 10(1): 4739. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12732-22041-1723http://hdl.handle.net/10230/46598HIV viral reservoirs are established very early during infection. Resident memory T cells (TRM) are present in tissues such as the lower female genital tract, but the contribution of this subset of cells to the pathogenesis and persistence of HIV remains unclear. Here, we show that cervical CD4+TRM display a unique repertoire of clusters of differentiation, with enrichment of several molecules associated with HIV infection susceptibility, longevity and self-renewing capacities. These protein profiles are enriched in a fraction of CD4+TRM expressing CD32. Cervical explant models show that CD4+TRM preferentially support HIV infection and harbor more viral DNA and protein than non-TRM. Importantly, cervical tissue from ART-suppressed HIV+ women contain high levels of viral DNA and RNA, being the TRM fraction the principal contributor. These results recognize the lower female genital tract as an HIV sanctuary and identify CD4+TRM as primary targets of HIV infection and viral persistence. Thus, strategies towards an HIV cure will need to consider TRM phenotypes, which are widely distributed in tissues.application/pdfengCopyright © The Author(s) 2019. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.VIH (Virus)Mucosa cervicalCèl·lules Tinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12732-2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess