Ciccone, AntonioIsmailov, Adilzhan2025-04-152025-04-152022Ciccone A, Ismailov A. Rainfall, agricultural output and persistent democratization. Economica. 2022;89(354):229-57. DOI: 10.1111/ecca.124050013-0427http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70142We examine the effect of rainfall on agricultural output and democratization in the world’s most agricultural countries. As in the agricultural economics literature, we find that the relationship between rainfall and agricultural output has an inverted U-shape, as agriculture is harmed by both droughts and very wet conditions. We also find the effect of rainfall on agricultural output to be transitory. The relationship between rainfall and democratization is U-shaped in the short run, and this effect persists in the long run. Hence democratic transitions outlast the (transitory) rainfall shocks that started the democratization process. The U-shaped relationship between rainfall and democratization is consistent with rainfall affecting democratization through its (inverted-U-shaped) effect on agricultural output.application/pdfeng© 2021 The Authors. Economica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of London School of Economics and Political Science. Published by Blackwell Publishing, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main St, Malden, MA 02148, USA. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.DemocratitzacióPlujaAigua--Abastament agrícolainfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecca.12405info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess