Soler-Toscano, FernandoGaladí, Javier AlejandroEscrichs, AniraSanz Perl, YonatanLópez-González, Ane, 1993-Sitt, JacoboAnnen, JitkaGosseries, OliviaThibaut, AurorePanda, RajanikantEsteban, Francisco J.Laureys, StevenKringelbach, Morten L.Langa, Jose AntonioDeco, Gustavo2023-03-062023-03-062022Soler-Toscano F, Galadí JA, Escrichs A, Sanz Perl Y, López-González A, Sitt JD, Annen J, Gosseries O, Thibaut A, Panda R, Esteban FJ, Laureys S, Kringelbach ML, Langa JA, Deco G. What lies underneath: precise classification of brain states using time-dependent topological structure of dynamics. PLoS Comput Biol. 2022;18(9):e1010412. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.10104121553-734Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/56060The self-organising global dynamics underlying brain states emerge from complex recursive nonlinear interactions between interconnected brain regions. Until now, most efforts of capturing the causal mechanistic generating principles have supposed underlying stationarity, being unable to describe the non-stationarity of brain dynamics, i.e. time-dependent changes. Here, we present a novel framework able to characterise brain states with high specificity, precisely by modelling the time-dependent dynamics. Through describing a topological structure associated to the brain state at each moment in time (its attractor or ‘information structure’), we are able to classify different brain states by using the statistics across time of these structures hitherto hidden in the neuroimaging dynamics. Proving the strong potential of this framework, we were able to classify resting-state BOLD fMRI signals from two classes of post-comatose patients (minimally conscious state and unresponsive wakefulness syndrome) compared with healthy controls with very high precision.application/pdfeng© 2022 Soler-Toscano et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.BiologiaCartografia cerebralinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010412info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess