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Reshaping the gut microbiome with bacterial transplantation and antibiotic intake

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dc.contributor.author Manichanh, Chaysavanh
dc.contributor.author Reeder, Jens
dc.contributor.author Gibert, Prudence
dc.contributor.author Varela, Encarna
dc.contributor.author Llopis, Marta
dc.contributor.author Antolin, Maria
dc.contributor.author Guigó Serra, Roderic
dc.contributor.author Knight, Rob
dc.contributor.author Guarner, Francisco
dc.date.accessioned 2016-01-15T13:32:04Z
dc.date.available 2016-01-15T13:32:04Z
dc.date.issued 2010
dc.identifier.citation Manichanh C, Reeder J, Gibert P, Varela E, Llopis M, Antolin M et al. Reshaping the gut microbiome with bacterial transplantation and antibiotic intake. Genome Research. 2010; 20(10): 1411-1419. DOI 10.1101/gr.107987.110
dc.identifier.issn 1088-9051
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25580
dc.description.abstract The intestinal microbiota consists of over 1000 species, which play key roles in gut physiology and homeostasis. Imbalances in the composition of this bacterial community can lead to transient intestinal dysfunctions and chronic disease states. Understanding how to manipulate this ecosystem is thus essential for treating many disorders. In this study, we took advantage of recently developed tools for deep sequencing and phylogenetic clustering to examine the long-term effects of exogenous microbiota transplantation combined with and without an antibiotic pretreatment. In our rat model, deep sequencing revealed an intestinal bacterial diversity exceeding that of the human gut by a factor of two to three. The transplantation produced a marked increase in the microbial diversity of the recipients, which stemmed from both capture of new phylotypes and increase in abundance of others. However, when transplantation was performed after antibiotic intake, the resulting state simply combined the reshaping effects of the individual treatments (including the reduced diversity from antibiotic treatment alone). Therefore, lowering the recipient bacterial load by antibiotic intake prior to transplantation did not increase establishment of the donor phylotypes, although some dominant lineages still transferred successfully. Remarkably, all of these effects were observed after 1 mo of treatment and persisted after 3 mo. Overall, our results indicate that the indigenous gut microbial composition is more plastic that previously anticipated. However, since antibiotic pretreatment counterintuitively interferes with the establishment of an exogenous community, such plasticity is likely conditioned more by the altered microbiome gut homeostasis caused by antibiotics than by the primary bacterial loss.
dc.description.sponsorship This work was supported in part by grant SAF 2007-64411 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain), and by the National Institutes of Health, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Ciberehd is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spain).
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
dc.relation.ispartof Genome Research. 2010; 20(10): 1411-1419
dc.rights © 2010, Genome Research by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, amb Llicència Creative Commons (Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License)
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
dc.subject.other Bacteris
dc.subject.other Tracte gastrointestinal
dc.title Reshaping the gut microbiome with bacterial transplantation and antibiotic intake
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.107987.110
dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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