Articles (Hospital del Mar Research Institute)http://hdl.handle.net/10230/231322024-03-19T02:09:49Z2024-03-19T02:09:49ZA longitudinal investigation of non-suicidal self-injury persistence patterns, risk factors, and clinical outcomes during the college periodKiekens, GlennClaes, LaurenceHasking, PenelopeMortier, PhilippeBootsma, ErikBoyes, MarkMyin-Germeys, InezDemyttenaere, KoenCuijpers, PimKessler, Ronald C.Nock, Matthew K.Bruffaerts, Ronnyhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/594532024-03-18T11:59:33Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZA longitudinal investigation of non-suicidal self-injury persistence patterns, risk factors, and clinical outcomes during the college period
Kiekens, Glenn; Claes, Laurence; Hasking, Penelope; Mortier, Philippe; Bootsma, Erik; Boyes, Mark; Myin-Germeys, Inez; Demyttenaere, Koen; Cuijpers, Pim; Kessler, Ronald C.; Nock, Matthew K.; Bruffaerts, Ronny
Abstract
Background: Although non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is known typically to begin in adolescence, longitudinal information is lacking about patterns, predictors, and clinical outcomes of NSSI persistence among emerging adults. The present study was designed to (1) estimate NSSI persistence during the college period, (2) identify risk factors and high-risk students for NSSI persistence patterns, and (3) evaluate the association with future mental disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB).
Methods: Using prospective cohorts from the Leuven College Surveys (n = 5915), part of the World Mental Health International College Student Initiative, web-based surveys assessed mental health and psychosocial problems at college entrance and three annual follow-up assessments.
Results: Approximately one in five (20.4%) students reported lifetime NSSI at college entrance. NSSI persistence was estimated at 56.4%, with 15.6% reporting a high-frequency repetitive pattern (≥five times yearly). Many hypothesized risk factors were associated with repetitive NSSI persistence, with the most potent effects observed for pre-college NSSI characteristics. Multivariate models suggest that an intervention focusing on the 10-20% at the highest predicted risk could effectively reach 34.9-56.7% of students with high-frequency repetitive NSSI persistence (PPV = 81.8-93.4, AUC = 0.88-0.91). Repetitive NSSI persistence during the first two college years predicted 12-month mental disorders, role impairment, and STB during the third college year, including suicide attempts.
Conclusions: Most emerging adults with a history of NSSI report persistent self-injury during their college years. Web-based screening may be a promising approach for detecting students at risk for a highly persistent NSSI pattern characterized by subsequent adverse outcomes.
Keywords: College period; emerging adulthood; mental disorders; non-suicidal self-injury; persistence; suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZClinical performance and head-to-head comparison of CSF p-tau235 with p-tau181, p-tau217 and p-tau231 in two memory clinic cohortsLantero Rodríguez, JuanVrillon, AgatheFernández-Lebrero, AidaOrtiz Romero, PaulaSnellman, AnniinaMontoliu-Gaya, LaiaBrum, Wagner S.Cognat, EmmanuelDumurgier, JulienPuig-Pijoan, AlbertNavalpotro-Gómez, IreneGarcía-Escobar, GretaKarikari, Thomas K.Vanmechelen, EugeenAshton, Nicholas J.Zetterberg, HenrikSuárez-Calvet, MarcPaquet, ClaireBlennow, Kajhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/594522024-03-18T09:50:24Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZClinical performance and head-to-head comparison of CSF p-tau235 with p-tau181, p-tau217 and p-tau231 in two memory clinic cohorts
Lantero Rodríguez, Juan; Vrillon, Agathe; Fernández-Lebrero, Aida; Ortiz Romero, Paula; Snellman, Anniina; Montoliu-Gaya, Laia; Brum, Wagner S.; Cognat, Emmanuel; Dumurgier, Julien; Puig-Pijoan, Albert; Navalpotro-Gómez, Irene; García-Escobar, Greta; Karikari, Thomas K.; Vanmechelen, Eugeen; Ashton, Nicholas J.; Zetterberg, Henrik; Suárez-Calvet, Marc; Paquet, Claire; Blennow, Kaj
Background
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) p-tau235 is a novel biomarker highly specific of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, CSF p-tau235 has only been studied in well-characterized research cohorts, which do not fully reflect the patient landscape found in clinical settings. Therefore, in this multicentre study, we investigated the performance of CSF p-tau235 to detect symptomatic AD in clinical settings and compared it with CSF p-tau181, p-tau217 and p-tau231.
Methods
CSF p-tau235 was measured using an in-house single molecule array (Simoa) assay in two independent memory clinic cohorts: Paris cohort (Lariboisière Fernand-Widal University Hospital Paris, France; n=212) and BIODEGMAR cohort (Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; n=175). Patients were classified by the syndromic diagnosis (cognitively unimpaired [CU], mild cognitive impairment [MCI] or dementia) and their biological diagnosis (amyloid-beta [Aβ]+ or Aβ
). Both cohorts included detailed cognitive assessments and CSF biomarker measurements (clinically validated core AD biomarkers [Lumipulse CSF Aβ1–42/40 ratio, p-tau181 and t-tau] and in-house developed Simoa CSF p-tau181, p-tau217 and p-tau231).
Results
High CSF p-tau235 levels were strongly associated with CSF amyloidosis regardless of the clinical diagnosis, being significantly increased in MCI Aβ+ and dementia Aβ+ when compared with all other Aβ− groups (Paris cohort: P ˂0.0001 for all; BIODEGMAR cohort: P ˂0.05 for all). CSF p-tau235 was pronouncedly increased in the A+T+ profile group compared with A−T− and A+T− groups (P ˂0.0001 for all). Moreover, CSF p-tau235 demonstrated high diagnostic accuracies identifying CSF amyloidosis in symptomatic cases (AUCs=0.86 to 0.96) and discriminating AT groups (AUCs=0.79 to 0.98). Overall, CSF p-tau235 showed similar performances to CSF p-tau181 and CSF p-tau231 when discriminating CSF amyloidosis in various scenarios, but lower than CSF p-tau217. Finally, CSF p-tau235 associated with global cognition and memory domain in both cohorts.
Conclusions
CSF p-tau235 was increased with the presence of CSF amyloidosis in two independent memory clinic cohorts. CSF p-tau235 accurately identified AD in both MCI and dementia patients. Overall, the diagnostic performance of CSF p-tau235 was comparable to that of other CSF p-tau measurements, indicating its suitability to support a biomarker-based AD diagnosis in clinical settings.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZMapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophreniaPujol, JesúsPujol, NuriaMané Santacana, AnnaMartínez-Vilavella, GerardDeus, JoanPérez Solá, VictorBlanco Hinojo, Laura, 1981-http://hdl.handle.net/10230/594492024-03-18T14:41:27Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZMapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia
Pujol, Jesús; Pujol, Nuria; Mané Santacana, Anna; Martínez-Vilavella, Gerard; Deus, Joan; Pérez Solá, Victor; Blanco Hinojo, Laura, 1981-
Background: Observations from different fields of research coincide in indicating that a defective gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneuron system may be among the primary factors accounting for the varied clinical expression of schizophrenia. GABA interneuron deficiency is locally expressed in the form of neural activity desynchronization. We mapped the functional anatomy of local synchrony in the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia using functional connectivity MRI. Methods: Data from 86 patients with schizophrenia and 137 control subjects were obtained from publicly available repositories. Resting-state functional connectivity maps based on Iso-Distant Average Correlation measures across three distances were estimated detailing the local functional structure of the cerebral cortex. Results: Patients with schizophrenia showed weaker local functional connectivity (i.e., lower MRI signal synchrony) in (i) prefrontal lobe areas, (ii) somatosensory, auditory, visual, and motor cortices, (iii) paralimbic system at the anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex, and (iv) hippocampus. The distribution of the defect in cortical area synchrony largely coincided with the synchronization effect of the GABA agonist alprazolam previously observed using identical functional connectivity measures. There was also a notable resemblance between the anatomy of our findings and cortical areas showing higher density of parvalbumin (prefrontal lobe and sensory cortices) and somatostatin (anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex) GABA interneurons in humans. Conclusions: Our results thus provide detail of the functional anatomy of synchrony changes in the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia and suggest which elements of the interneuron system are affected. Such information could ultimately be relevant in the search for specific treatments.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZA comparison of PTSD and traumatic event rates in a clinical sample of non-refugee immigrants and native-born individuals with a psychotic disorder: a case-control studyTrabsa, AmiraRedolar-Ripoll, DiegoVargas, LauraLlimona, AlbaHogg, BridgetValiente Gómez, AliciaPérez Solá, VictorMoreno Alcázar, AnaAmann, Benedikt Lorenzhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/594482024-03-18T14:37:13Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZA comparison of PTSD and traumatic event rates in a clinical sample of non-refugee immigrants and native-born individuals with a psychotic disorder: a case-control study
Trabsa, Amira; Redolar-Ripoll, Diego; Vargas, Laura; Llimona, Alba; Hogg, Bridget; Valiente Gómez, Alicia; Pérez Solá, Victor; Moreno Alcázar, Ana; Amann, Benedikt Lorenz
Background: Migration is a multi-stage social process linked to traumatic event exposure and a notably increased risk of psychosis. Although these conditions affect refugee and non-refugee immigrants, prior trauma research has focused mainly on the refugee population.Objective: To compare and describe the rate and the clinical characterization of PTSD and traumatic events between non-refugee immigrants and native-born individuals with psychotic disorder.Methods: 99 immigrants and 99 native-born individuals (n = 198) with at least one psychotic episode according to DSM-5 criteria were compared on the rate of PTSD diagnosis and traumatic events, using standardized and validated trauma scales.Results: In the non-refugee immigrant group, 31% met diagnostic criteria for PTSD compared to only 7.1% in the native-born group. Total scores in childhood trauma and last year stressful events were 1.5 and 2 times higher in non-refugee immigrants, respectively. Likewise, cumulative lifetime trauma was three times higher in non-refugee immigrants. Finally, non-refugee immigrants reported more violent and life-threatening traumatic events than native-born individuals.Conclusions: These results are relevant since they highlight that non-refugee immigrants with psychotic disorders are highly trauma-exposed, meaning a routine trauma assessment and a trauma-focused intervention for this population should be included in individualized treatment plans.
2023-01-01T00:00:00Z